Grammatical aspects

These processes have no end-point

These processes have an end

What is the meaning of aspect?

• It is used to indicate a dynamic action in the process of happening

   Attention is focused on some internal stage of the process – directly observed

•  The concern is on how the event is viewed by the speaker in consideration of duration and completion – it is defined as the internal temporal contour of the event

• it allows speakers to express and emphasize the consequences of a previous ongoing or incomplete action or states

 An internal stage, without boundaries, an ongoing and incomplete action

 A complete whole with sharp boundaries

What are the Grammatical aspects?

• Simple, Present, Progressive, Present-progressive

• Perfect, Progressive

• Simple, Perfect, Continuous, Perfect-Continuous

• Perfect, Progressive, Perfect-progressive

What is the perfect aspect?

• This aspect does not make it clear, whether the action is a complete action or a habitual action

• This aspect allows the speakers to express and emphasize the consequences of a previous action or state, it expresses a completed action

• This aspect is to indicate a dynamic action in a process of happening

• This aspect allows speakers to express and emphasize the consequences of a previous ongoing or incomplete action or states

What is the progressive aspect?

• This aspect does not make it clear, whether the action is a complete action or a habitual action

• This aspect allows the speakers to express and emphasize the consequences of a previous action or state, it expresses a completed action

• This aspect is to indicate a dynamic action in a process of happening

• This aspect allows speakers to express and emphasize the consequences of a previous ongoing or incomplete action or states

What is the perfect-progressive aspect?

• This aspect does not make it clear, whether the action is a complete action or a habitual action

• This aspect allows the speakers to express and emphasize the consequences of a previous action or state, it expresses a completed action

• This aspect is to indicate a dynamic action in a process of happening

• This aspect allows speakers to express and emphasize the consequences of a previous ongoing or incomplete action or states

It is an aspect of a semantic category that concerns properties of eventualities expressed by verbs. What is this aspect called?