Microbiology Review

Lyme disease is spread by ticks that attach to an animal to feed. Which describes the role of the tick?

• The tick is a virus.

• The tick is a donor.

• The tick is a vector.

• The tick is a bacteria.

Which pathogen, by being the smallest, is able to spread and infect the greatest number of hosts?

• bacteria

• fungi

• protists

• viruses

Leprosy is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. In ancient times, it spread throughout China, Egypt, India, and Western Europe. Which best describes the spread of this bacterium?

• The bacterium caused a pandemic.

• The bacterium infected people quickly.

• The bacterium caused a local epidemic infection

• The bacterium caused a mild infection, only sporadically

The Spanish Flu of 1918 occurred during World War I and killed between 30 to 50 million people worldwide. Which best explains the spread of this virus?

• The Spanish Flu quickly became a pandemic due to the close quarters and distances traveled by troops.

• The Spanish Flu quickly became an epidemic due to the close quarters and distances traveled by troops.

• The Spanish Flu quickly became a pandemic due to the lack of antibiotics and poor hygiene of the troops.

• The Spanish Flu quickly became an epidemic due to the lack of antibiotics and poor hygiene of the troops.

Which is the most likely reason bacteria populations do not grow at exponential rates in nature?

• Conditions necessary for growth occur for a long time.

• Conditions necessary for growth occur only for a short time.

• The environment changes and conditions are always favorable.

• The environment changes and conditions are not always favorable.

Pandemics are harder to prevent than epidemics. Which best explains this? A. Pandemics are caused by viruses, while epidemics are caused by bacteria. B. Pandemic diseases do not have vaccines, while epidemic diseases have vaccines. C. Pandemics cover a large geographical area, while epidemics are specific to a given area. D. Pandemic diseases affect humans and animals, while epidemic diseases only affect humans.

• Pandemics are caused by viruses, while epidemics are caused by bacteria.

• Pandemic diseases do not have vaccines, while epidemic diseases have vaccines.

• Pandemics cover a large geographical area, while epidemics are specific to a given area.

• Pandemic diseases affect humans and animals, while epidemic diseases only affect humans.

How is the prevention of an epidemic different from the prevention of a pandemic? A. Preventing an epidemic requires the use of antibiotics, while preventing a pandemic requires the use of vaccines.

• Preventing an epidemic requires the use of antibiotics, while preventing a pandemic requires the use of vaccines.

• Preventing a pandemic requires uninfected and infected people to wash their hands, while preventing an epidemic requires people to wear gloves.

• Preventing a pandemic requires vaccinating large numbers of people dispersed over a wide geographic area, while an epidemic requires vaccinating fewer people spread over a smaller area.

• Preventing an epidemic requires vaccinating large numbers of people spread over a wide geographic area, while a pandemic requires vaccinating fewer people spread over a smaller area.

There was a Salmonella outbreak at the local schoolhouse. Which would best explain the type of outbreak that has occurred?

• It is an epidemic because a lot of students got sick at school.

• It is a pandemic because a lot of students got sick at school.

• It is an epidemic because it spread over a large region.

• It is a pandemic, because it spread over a small region.

Which is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic as it relates to the spread of a disease?

• An epidemic would refer to a larger region being affected and a pandemic refers to a smaller region being affected.

• A pandemic would refer to a larger region being affected and an epidemic refers to a smaller region being affected.

• An epidemic would involve a larger number of people than a pandemic.

• A pandemic would involve a smaller number of people than a epidemic.

Which is the difference between the treatment of an epidemic and a pandemic?

• the procedure and frequency of people washing their hands

• the number of infected people that must be treated

• the type of vector that must be managed

• the type of medication available