Quick Quiz: Association and Causation

Sam's mom claims the number of hours spent playing video games bring down his grades so he should stop playing video games. Is this association or causation?

• Association

• Causation

• Neither

A study showed a positive relationship between students owning a cell phone and driving a car to school. Is this association or causation?

• Association

• Causation

• Neither

A study showed a positive relationship to the sound level of listening to music and hearing loss. Is this association or causation?

• Association

• Causation

• Neither

The newspaper was reporting on shark attacks this summer. They also reported on the level of ice cream sales. Is this association or causation?

• Association

• Causation

• Neither

The number of firemen increases as the size of the fire increases. Is this association or causation?

• Association

• Causation

• Neither

Time spent exercising and the number of calories you burn.

• Causation

• Association

The amount of time spent talking on a cell phone and the remaining life battery.

• Causation

• Association

Not logging on virtually to class every day and repeating freshman year

• Causation

• Association

Define causation:

• When one variable causes another to change indirectly

• When one variable causes another to change directly

• the relationship between a set of data

• something that is unknown

Which example shows CAUSATION? (Which one CAUSED the other to happen.)

• Rainfall and time spent reading.

• Eating more butter and increased divorce rates.

• It started raining and the baseball game was delayed.