DRUG USE IN SPECIAL POPULATION

Examples of drugs in pregnancy category C

• Methotrexate

• Morphine

• Metoclopramide

• Memantine

Choose all teratogenic drugs

• Phenytoin

• Methotrexate

• Carbamazepine

• Warfarin

Commonly used pediatric references

• Google

• Frank Shann

• Blue Book

• Clinical Practice Guidelines

Recommended dose of Paracetamol in pediatrics

• 15 mg/kg

• 10 mg/kg

• 20 mg/kg

• 25 mg/kg

Effects of Aging on Volume of Distribution

(Vd)

• Lower Vd for hydrophilic

  drugs

• Lower Vd for drugs that bind

  to muscle

• Higher Vd for lipophilic drugs

• Lower percentage of

  unbound or free drug (active)

Example of drug that do not have renal adjusted dose

• Metformin

• Atorvastatin

• Lithium

• Spironolactone

The liver is the major organ of elimination and kidneys are the major organ of drug metabolism.

• True

• False

Examples of special population

• Obese or underweight

• Pediatrics

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women

• Blind person

Based on the picture, which group of special populations fits them the best?

Describe FDA pregnancy category A

• Animal studies have failed to demonstrate

  a risk to the fetus and there are no

  adequate and well-controlled studies in

  pregnant women.

• Adequate and well-controlled studies have

  failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in

  the first trimester of pregnancy

• Animal studies have shown an adverse

  effect n the fetus and there are no

  adequate and well-controlled studies in

  humans

• Studies in animals and pregnant woman

  have shown evidence of fetal harm