WHS - Evolution Study Guide 2021

what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?

• different species on different islands
• all species on one of the islands
• identical species on all the islands
• the same species as North America

Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits?

• natural selection
• inheritance
• artificial selection
• descent withOUT modification

Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are

• heritable
• new
• mutated 
• better than the best

Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________

• increase in number
  
• become extinct
  

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

What increases genetic variation when animals move from one population to another

• genetic drift
• sexual selection
• bottleneck effect
• gene flow

This mechanism of evolution occurs when populations migrate.

• Extinction
• Gene flow
• Genetic drift
• Natural Selection

Who is the father of evolution?

• Darwin
• Mendel
• Newton
• Einstein

What is another name for natural selection?

• survival of the smartest
• survival of the fastest
• survival of the biggest
• survival of the fittest