CVS Respi Case 3

Under Modified Duke Criteria, documentation of the following confirms a definite endocarditis? 

• One major criteria

• Five minor criteria

• Two major criterion and Three minor criteria

• One major criterion and Two minor criteria

• Two of the options

A patient with endocarditis will require a surgical intervention immediately on the same date of admission in  which of the following conditions? 

• Progressive paravalvular prosthetic regurgitation

• Septal perforation

• Valve dysfunction with pulmonary edema

• Acute aortic regurgitation with heart failure

• Fungal endocarditis

These conditions would require endocarditis prophylaxis before a dental procedure to continue due to a higher risk of cardiac lesions EXCEPT:

• Prior endocarditis

• Prosthetic heart valves

• Mitral valve prolapse

• Unpaired cyanotic congenital heart disease

Mr. Hiroshima is diagnosed with subacute endocarditis. Which of the following is/are the most likely cause of the infection?

• Viridans streptococci

• Enterococci

• Pneumococci

• Only 2 of the options

• All of the above

A 45 year-old female patient was confirmed to have infective endocarditis, her laboratory results would include

• Elevated C-reactive protein

• Elevated ESR

• Anemia

• Leukocytosis

• All of the above

These surface adhesin molecules are required in order for S. aureus to invade the endothelium:

• Ebp pili

• Clumping factor

• Fibronectin-binding proteins

• Only 2 of the options

• All of the above

The clinical manifestations of endocarditis arise from the following events EXCEPT:

• Tissue injury

• Hematogenous infection

• Embolization of vegetation fragments

• Inadequate venous return

• All of the above

A 75 year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to fever, chills,and sweats. He has a previous diagnosis of aortic regurgitation. His blood culture confirms Enterococcus faecalis as the causative agent of his disease. What will be the appropriate treatment for this patient?

• Vancomycin + Rifampicin

• Penicillin G + Gentamicin

• Ampicillin + Ceftriaxone

• Doxycycline + Gentamicin

Transesophageal echocardiography is preferred than transthoracic echocardiography because it detects the following EXCEPT:

• Myocardial abscesses

• Valve perforations

• Intracardiac fistulae

• Only 2 of the options

• None of the above

Rheumatic heart disease is characterized by deforming valvular disease particularly involving the mitral valve. Which anatomic changes of the mitral valve in chronic RHD will occur?

• Fusion of tendinous cords

• Thickening of the leaflets

• Shortening of valve commissures

• All of the above

• None of the above