Quiz about Astronomy Half Way Test Review

Question 1

Earth, the Sun, and billions of stars are contained within

Accepted Answer

the milky way galaxy

Answer

a single constellation

Answer

the solar system

Answer

a giant cloud of gs

Question 2

The theory that the universe is expanding is supported by data from the

Accepted Answer

red shift of light from distant galaxies

Answer

nuclear decay of radioactive materials

Answer

nuclear fusion of radioactive materials

Answer

blue shift of light from distant galaxies

Question 3

A red shift in the light from very distant galaxies suggests that the universe is

Accepted Answer

expanding

Answer

Fixed and Stationary

Answer

Moving randomly

Answer

contracting

Question 4

The current temperature indicated by the cosmic microwave background radiation is

Accepted Answer

lower than the temperature at which water freezes

Answer

higher than the temperature at which water boils

Answer

between the temperature at which water boils and room temperature

Answer

between room temperature and the temperature at which water freezes

Question 5

In which sequence are the items listed from least total mass to greatest total mass?

Accepted Answer

solar system, Milky Way, universe

Answer

Milky Way, solar system, universe

Answer

universe, Milky Way, solar system

Answer

Milky Way, universe, solar system

Question 6

Which statement best describes the age of our solar system and the universe?

Accepted Answer

The universe is at least twice as old as our solar system.

Answer

Our solar system is at least twice as old as the universe.

Answer

Our solar system and the universe are estimated to be 5 billion years old.

Answer

Our solar system and the universe are estimated to be 10 billion years old.

Question 7

A lightyear is

Accepted Answer

the distance traveled by light in one year

Answer

the distance the Earth moves in one year

Answer

the time it takes light to go once around the Earth's orbit

Answer

the time it takes light to travel one year

Question 8

Billions of stars in the same region of the universe are called

Accepted Answer

galaxies

Answer

Solar systems

Answer

asteriod belts

Answer

constellations

Question 9

A blue shift of the light from a star indicates that the star

Accepted Answer

is moving closer to Earth

Answer

will soon become a main sequence star

Answer

will soon become a giant star

Answer

is moving away from Earth

Question 10

The diagram shows the spectral lines for an element.

Which diagram best represents the spectral lines of this element when its light is observed coming from a star that is moving away from Earth?

Accepted Answer

Option B is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 11

The more that the spectral lines of a star are shifted to the red end of the spectrum

Accepted Answer

the faster it is moving away from us

Answer

the larger it is

Answer

the faster it is rotating

Answer

the hotter it is

Question 12

Light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation are given off by stars using energy released during

Accepted Answer

nuclear fusion

Answer

conduction

Answer

convection

Answer

radioactive decay

Question 13

What celestial phenomenum most affects radio communication and other electrical atmospheric changes for us on earth?

Accepted Answer

solar flares

Answer

solar eclipses

Answer

meteorites entering the atmosphere

Answer

lunar eclipses

Question 14

As the sun ages it will be composed of

Accepted Answer

more helium and less hydrogen

Answer

more hydrogen and less helium

Answer

more oxygen and less carbon

Answer

less oxygen and more carbon

Question 15

The fuel of the sun is

Accepted Answer

hydrogen

Answer

helium

Answer

oil

Answer

oxygen

Question 16

Approximately how many times larger is the diameter of the sun compared to the earth?

Accepted Answer

100 times

Answer

10 times

Answer

1000 times

Answer

10000 times

Question 17

Which star has a surface temperature most similar to the surface temperature of Alpha Centauri?

Accepted Answer

Polaris

Answer

Betelgeuse

Answer

Procyon B

Answer

Sirius

Question 18

Which sequence of stars is listed in order of increasing luminosity?

Accepted Answer

Procyon B, Sun, Sirius, Betelgeuse

Answer

Spica, Rigel, Deneb, Betelgeuse

Answer

Polaris, Deneb, 40 Eridani B, Proxima Centauri

Answer

Barnards Star, Alpha Centauri, Rigel, Spica

Question 19

The star Algol is estimated to have approximately the same luminosity as the star Aldebaran approximately the same temperature as the Rigel. Algol is best classified as a

Accepted Answer

main sequence

Answer

red giant

Answer

white dwarf

Answer

red dwarf

Question 20

In the H-R diagram, 90 percent of all stars fall

Accepted Answer

on the Main Sequence.

Answer

in the Red Dwarf region.

Answer

in the Supergiant region.

Answer

among the White Dwarfs.

Question 21

Which property primarily determines whether a giant star or a supergiant star will form?

Accepted Answer

mass

Answer

color

Answer

shape

Answer

composition

Question 22

What causes clouds of dust and gas to form a protostar?

Accepted Answer

gravitational attraction

Answer

magnetism

Answer

expansion of matter

Answer

cosmic background radiation

Question 23

Which star has the greatest probability of producing a supernova explosion?

Accepted Answer

Betelgeuse

Answer

Barnard's Star

Answer

Procyon B

Answer

Sun

Question 24

A diagram with a geocentric model would have which object in the middle?

Accepted Answer

Earth

Answer

Sun

Answer

Moon

Answer

Polaris

Question 25

The modern heliocentric model of planetary motion states that the planets travel around

Accepted Answer

The Sun is slightly elliptical orbits

Answer

the Sun in circular orbits

Answer

Earth in slightly elliptical orbits

Answer

Earth in circular orbits

Question 26

Which motion causes some constellations to be visible in New York State only during winter nights and other constellations to be visible only during summer nights?

Accepted Answer

Earth revolves around the Sun.

Answer

Stars in constellations revolve around Earth.

Answer

Stars in constellations revolve around the Sun.

Answer

Earth rotates on its axis.

Question 27

A diagram of our current solar system with orbits that are not circular would be:

Accepted Answer

heliocentric, with elliptical orbits

Answer

geocentric, with elliptical orbits

Answer

geocentric, with circular orbits

Answer

heliocentric, with circular orbits

Question 28

Which inference can be made about the comet's orbit, when it is compared to Earth's orbit?

Accepted Answer

The comet's orbit has a greater distance between foci than Earth's orbit.

Answer

Earth's orbit and the comet's orbit have the same distance between foci.

Answer

Earth's orbit has a greater distance between foci than the comet's orbit.

Answer

The comet's orbit has one focus, while Earth's orbit has two foci.

Question 29

Which object is located at one foci of the elliptical orbit of Mars?

Accepted Answer

The Sun

Answer

Betelgeuse

Answer

Earth

Answer

Jupiter

Question 30

Which sentence would create the largest gravity attraction?

Accepted Answer

2 larger planets, closer together

Answer

2 smaller planets, further apart

Answer

2 larger planets, further apart

Answer

2 smaller planets, closer together

Question 31

One factor responsible for the strength of gravitational attraction between a planet and the Sun is the

Accepted Answer

distance between the planet and the Sun

Answer

degree of tilt of the planet's axis

Answer

planet's period of rotation

Answer

amount of insolation given off by the Sun

Question 32

Which two characteristics do all Jovian planets have in common?

Accepted Answer

large diameters and low densities

Answer

small diameters and low densities

Answer

small diameters and high densities

Answer

large diameters and high densities

Question 33

The terrestrial planets differ from the Jovian planets because the terrestrial planets are

Accepted Answer

more dense and smaller

Answer

less dense and larger

Answer

less dense and smaller

Answer

more dense and larger

Question 34

Between which two planets are most asteroids located?

Accepted Answer

Mars and Jupiter

Answer

Earth and Mars

Answer

Jupiter and Saturn

Answer

Saturn and Uranus

Question 35

The atmosphere of Venus is composed primarily of

Accepted Answer

Carbon Dioxide

Answer

hydrogen and helium

Answer

methane

Answer

ammonia

Question 36

The gas giant planets are composed primarily of

Accepted Answer

hydrogen and helium

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

iron

Answer

rocky materials

Question 37

The velocity of a comet in its orbit around the Sun compared to the velocity of Earth around the Sun is

Accepted Answer

sometimes less and sometimes greater

Answer

always less

Answer

always greater

Answer

always the same

Question 38

This apparent path of the Sun through the sky is caused by

Accepted Answer

Earth's rotation on its axis

Answer

Earth's revolution around the Sun

Answer

the Sun's revolution around Earth

Answer

the Sun's rotation on its axis

Question 39

Which statement best explains why some constellations are not seen during all four seasons?

Accepted Answer

Earth revolves around the Sun.

Answer

Constellations revolve around the Sun.

Answer

The Moon revolves around Earth.

Answer

The Sun revolves around the center of the Milky Way.

Question 40

The further away the planet, the

Accepted Answer

longer the period of revolution, and the lower the velocity

Answer

shorter the period of revolution, and the lower the velocity

Answer

shorter the period of revolution, and the higher the velocity

Question 41

An ellipse is drawn around two points called

Accepted Answer

foci

Answer

aphelion

Answer

perihelion

Answer

axis

Question 42

Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)

Accepted Answer

ellipse

Answer

circle

Answer

focus

Answer

perihelion

Question 43

The place where a planet is closest to the Sun as it orbits the Sun is called the

Accepted Answer

perihelion

Answer

aphelion

Question 44

The place where a planet is farthest away from the Sun in its orbit around the Sun is called the

Accepted Answer

aphelion

Answer

perihelion

Question 45

Where is the planet moving faster

Accepted Answer

Position A to B

Answer

Position B to C

Answer

Position H to I

Answer

Position I to J

Question 46

What has an eccentricity of zero

Accepted Answer

a circle

Answer

a straight line

Answer

a large ellipse

Answer

a small ellipse

Question 47

Kepler's 2nd Law deals with

Accepted Answer

the speed/area the planet travels

Answer

the shape of the planets' orbits

Answer

the length of time it takes the planet to orbit the sun

Question 48

A planet moves __________ when it is farthest from the sun.

Accepted Answer

slower

Answer

faster

Question 49

Kepler's first law states that the orbits of the planets are oval in shape or

Accepted Answer

ellipses

Answer

perfect circles

Question 50

The path a planet travels around the sun is called its

Accepted Answer

orbit

Answer

ellipse

Answer

barycenter

Answer

precession

Question 51

Which diagram shows a planet with the least eccentric orbit?

Accepted Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 52

What is the maximum eccentricity an ellipse can be?

Accepted Answer

1

Answer

0

Answer

.5

Answer

42

Question 53

Calculate the eccentricity for the following orbit.

Accepted Answer

0.6

Answer

1.6

Answer

0.8

Answer

1.2

Question 54

What is eccentricity?

Accepted Answer

a measurement of how elliptical an orbit is.

Answer

a measurement of the distance between the planet and the sun

Answer

a measurement of how long the planet takes to rotate around the sun

Answer

none of these

Question 55

What shape are the orbits of all planets in our solar system?

Accepted Answer

elliptical

Answer

circular

Answer

cylindrical

Answer

none of these

Question 56

When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is

Accepted Answer

the Sun

Answer

the axis

Answer

the perihelion

Answer

the center

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