Ecological Succession (Honors)

How do pioneer species allow for other species to exist on new land after primary succession?

• They provide protection for other species.

• They break down the bare rocks into soil other species can use.

• They use a lot of nutrients from the rocks.

• They cause a disturbance that starts primary succession.

Primary succession typically has ______ as pioneer species, while secondary succession could also have _______ as a pioneer species.

• Shrubs & Mature Trees; Grasses

• Lichens & Mosses; Mature Trees

• Lichens & Mosses; Grasses

• Shrubs & Young Trees; Mature Trees

What is the most likely outcome of succession that would occur in a garden left alone on a farm?

• Nearby animals will consume the plants.

• The garden will take over the farm.

• The weeds will take over the garden.

• No type of succession would occur.

Which one do primary succession and secondary succession NOT have in common?

• Pioneer Species

• Climax Community

• Being a Cycle

• Volcanic Eruption as a Disturbance

What type of pioneer species would we expect to be in primary succession?

• Lichens

• Shrubs

• Grasses

• Mature Trees

What type of succession would a wildfire disturbance cause?

• Primary Succession

• Secondary Succession

• A wildfire would not cause ecological succession

Which is an example of primary succession?

• When a tsunami hits destroying all organisms, but leaving behind the soil.

• When a wildfire spreads burning all of the organisms, but leaving being the soil.

• When a glacier recedes (goes back), leaving exposed rock.

• When a human tills the soil and destroys all the organisms in the soil.

A climax community is...

• When the ecosystem reaches relative equilibrium at the end of succession.

• When the ecosystem first experiences a disturbance.

• When the ecosystem has pioneer species move in.

• When the ecosystem only has young trees and small shrubs present.

What is the definition of ecological succession?

• A series of progressive and predictable changes where life comes back after a disturbance.

• A series of unpredictable changes where life comes back after a pioneer species gets introduced.

• When an ecosystem experiences relative equilibrium.

• When life comes back after new land is formed and bare rock is exposed.

Lupins require soil in order to grow. What type of succession would Lupins be a pioneer species in?

• Tertiary Succession

• Secondary Succession

• Primary Succession