Topic 4 Lesson 1/2 quiz

Chelsea went ice-skating. The ice, her skates, the Zamboni, and the rink building itself were all examples of solids she encountered. She developed a model of the particles in the ice. Which of these statements about the particles present in her model of a solid are true? Choose the three statements that apply.

• They vibrate in place.

• They slide past each other.

• They are packed very closely together.

• They cause the solid to have definite volume and definite shape.

Mr. Allen wanted to fill balloons for a party. He rented a helium tank that contained 0.4 cubic meters of helium gas. He was concerned that the gas would not fill many balloons, but it filled 27 large balloons! Why was the small tank of helium gas able to fill so many balloons?

• Helium mixed with air when it came out of the tank.

• The helium expanded to fill its new containers, the balloons.

• Helium molecules are very small in size.

• The volume of gas in the balloons equaled the volume of gas in the tank.

Many technologies use enclosed fluids. For example, a hydraulic press at an auto repair shop uses trapped water to lift heavy cars. Hot-air balloons heat trapped air to lift a basketful of people. Look at the two diagrams that model fluid particles.

Which statement best identifies which of these models represents a gas?

• Diagram B is a gas, because its particles move more slowly and are farther apart

• Diagram A is a gas, because its particles move more slowly and are closer together.

• Diagram B is a gas, because its particles move more quickly and are farther apart.

• Diagram A is a gas, because its particles move more quickly and are closer together.

Motor oil has different ratings depending on how readily it flows. This property depends on how much attraction is present between its particles. Which property of a liquid does this illustrate?

• expandability

• flexibility

• surface tension

• viscosity

The ability of water molecules to stick together is called _______

• expandability

• flexibility

• surface tension

• viscosity

Bela made scrambled eggs while camping. She placed the eggs in a pan on the grill, then turned on the flame to apply heat to the pan and to the eggs. By applying heat, Bela increased the _______________ of the eggs. She could measure how much the_______________increased with a thermometer.

• potential energy

• temperature

• thermal energy

• mass

Darvon observed that a rain puddle he saw on his driveway was gone in a couple of hours. What terms apply to what happened to the water in the puddle?

• boiling and evaporation

• sublimation and vaporization

• boiling and sublimation

• vaporization and evaporation

A hiker tries to prepare a hard-boiled egg on the high slopes of Mount Everest. The base camp is located 5,300 meters above sea level. The hiker observes that the water begins to boil at 82°C, much lower than the 100°C needed to cook the raw egg. He hopes that just leaving the egg in the boiling water longer will let the egg cook. Will he have hard-boiled eggs for breakfast?

• Yes, eventually the boiling water will reach 100°C and the egg will cook.

• Yes, but only if he adds more water to help the boiling point reach 100°C.

• No, the water temperature will remain at 82°C until all the water evaporates.

• No, the egg will not cook because the water temperature decreases as it boils.

A scientist has a “mystery element” that she wants to identify by using its properties. These properties include its freezing point. She collected data about the element’s freezing point and displayed it on this graph.

Use the graph to determine the freezing point of the element. Which of these elements is the “mystery element”? The freezing point of each element is listed by its name.

• silicon (1430°C)

• nickel (1455°C)

• cobalt (1495°C)

• iron (1539°C)

Looking at the graph, what state of matter is the substance between 1650 °C and 1495 °C?

• Solid

• liquid

• gas