8th Grade Social Studies Unit 3 Review

In 1787 the United States was at a crossroads. Farmers in western Massachusetts had rebelled the year before over property taxes. The state struggled to end the rebellion. Events such as this one contributed to the decision to -

• Sign the Treaty of Paris

• Repeal the Intolerable Acts

• Restructure the Federal Government

• Declare an embargo on imported goods

Your President may easily become king. Your Senate is so imperfectly constructed that your dearest rights may be sacrificed by what may be a small minority.....Your strongholds will be in the hands of your enemies.....

-Patrick Henry 1788

Patrick Henry was criticizing which aspect of the Constitution in this excerpt?

• The eligiblity requirements for congressional office

• The power granted to the central

• The establishment of a separate judicial branch

• The difficulty of the amendment process

The Three-Fifths Compromise was included in the U.S. Constitution in order to resolve a conflict over the -

• numver of votes needed to approve a treaty

• number of states needed to ratify a proposed amendment

• reimbursement of plantation owners for runaway slaves

• Counting of enslaved persons of taxation and representation

In the fepublic of America, the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct governments, and then the portion allotted to each subdivided among distinct and separate departments. Hence a double security arises to the rights of the people. The different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself.

-Federalist No. 51

What assurance did this argument give to those who opposed ratifying the Constitution?

• The amendment process would allow state governments to nullify federal law

• Making the federal government superior to state governments would ensure greater stability

• The rights of citizens would be better protected by having both federal and state levels of government

• Giving greater power to the federal government would allow it to assist states in times of crisis

Sugar Act

Quartering Act

Stamp Act

These acts contributed to the start of the Revolutionary War by -

• restricting colonial trade with American Indians

• Imposing regulations on colonial agriculture

• angering colonists who believed that their civil liberties had been violated

• punishing colonists for resisting the authority of Parliament

The Articles of Confederation Congress strengthened the growth of the United States through -

• bills concerning how the nation abolished slavery

• regulations concerning how the states ratified treaties

• ordinances regarding how the territories become states

• laws regarding how fast the armed forces would expand

The plan of government now proposed is evidently calculated totally to change, in time, our condition as a people. Instead of being thirteen republics, under a federal head, it is clearly designed to make us one consolidated government....

-Federal Farmer No 1 1787

Those in favor of ratifying the Constitution would most likely respond to this concern by pointing out that -

• elected representatives are accountable to individual voters

• courts have the right to resolve disputes between states

• each branch of government can serve as a check on the other branches

• power is divided between the federal government and state governments

The Articles of Confederation allowed each state only one vote in Congress. Which questions reflects a major concern states had about this arrangement?

• Should states attempt to resolve conflicting claims to territory?

• Should states change their procedure for selecting representatives?

• Should unanimous state approval for national laws be required?

• Should more populous states receive greater representation?

That if any person shall write any false, scadalous and malicious writings against the government of the United States, or stir up sedition within the United States then such person shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars, and by imprisonment not exceeding two year.

- An Act of the Fifth Congress of the United States 1798

Which constitutional guarantee did this act violate?

• Freedom of assembly

• The right to due process

• Freedom of the press

• The right to a jury by trial

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.

-Declaration of Independence 1776

Which provision of the U.S. Constitution reflects this grievance?

• The president can appoint justices with the advice and consent of the Senate

• Congress has the power to establish federal courts

• The commerce clause allows Congress to regulate trae among the states

• Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both houses