Prep for final test: Traits & Reproduction

How do different protein structures in cells determine traits?

• Different protein structures can change the gene.

• Different protein structures have no effect on connecting genes.

• Different protein structures affect how they connect to other proteins molecules.

• Different protein structures provide instructions.

Andrew is trying to figure out how fur color is determined in two different bears. In the bear with black fur, the copies of the gene are the same as each other. In the bear with white fur, the copies of the gene are different from each other. How does this affect how many types of proteins there are in each bear’s fur cell?

• The bear with black fur has one type of protein for the color feature. The bear with white fur has one type of protein for the fur color feature.

• It's impossible to say anything about proteins with the information given.

• The bear with black fur has two types of protein for the color feature. The bear with white fur has two types of protein for the fur color feature.

• The bear with black fur has one type of protein for the fur color feature. The bear with white fur has two types of protein for the fur color feature.

How do the proteins determine traits in organisms?

• The trait depends on what environment the organism lives in.

• It depends on how they connect with other proteins

• They give instructions to the genes

• The organism inherits its genes through sexual reproduction.

There are two cats that have different proteins in their cells for ear length. They have different parents. What can you say about the cat’s ear lengths?

• They will have different ear lengths since offspring from different parents will have different ear lengths.

• They will have the same ear lengths since all cats have the same ear length.

• They will have different ear lengths since their proteins for ear length are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.

• They will have the same ear lengths because even with different proteins for ear length, the proteins can connect in the same way.

What is a gene variation?

• the way something is shaped or constructed

• a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait

• a characteristic that all members of a species has.

• A specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule

Two rabbits have different parents. They both have the same proteins for tail thickness in their cells. What can you say about the rabbit’s tail thicknesses?

Two beavers have different parents. They both have the same proteins for tail thickness in their cells. What can you say about the beaver’s tail thicknesses?

• They will have different tail thicknesses because even with the same proteins for tail thickness, the proteins can connect in different ways.

• They will have the same tail thicknesses since all rabbits have the same tail thickness.

• They will have the same tail thicknesses since their proteins for tail thickness are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.

• They will have different tail thicknesses since only offspring from the same parents have the same tail thickness.

Maria reads an article about a family of lizards. One of them had a mutation for the color of their spots. Which of these statements about the lizards with the mutation is true?

• The lizard must have black spots.

• The lizard must have no spots.

• There will be no change in the lizard's spots.

• There would be a change in the color of the spots.

Different colored feathers on a bird are probably caused by:

• a difference in what the birds eat

• genetic variations

• a genetic mutation

• a difference in where the birds live

Choose the true answer

• Genes instruct the cells to create certain proteins

• Genes connect together to determine traits

If a father has blue eyes and a mother has brown eyes, the offspring will:

• have blue eyes

• have brown eyes

• inherit one gene from each parent & could have either color

• inherit a gene from dad, but not from mom & have blue eyes

• the offspring will be homozygous