Midterm Review

John Locke, an English philosopher, described life, liberty, and property as

• political rights

• natural rights

• economic rights

• social rights

Thomas Hobbes believed that humans were guided by

• reason and intellect

• religion and personal ethics

• desire to avoid conflict

• basic survival instincts

Which of these ideas was part of Rousseau's philosophy?

• life, liberty, and property

• government power comes from the general will

• government should be divided into branches

• enlightened despots are the most effective governments

__________________________studied a system of government in which separation of powers caused the parts of the government to control and limit each other.

• Montesquieu

• Hobbes

• Locke

• Rousseau

James I struggled with Parliament because he believed in

• sharing power and duties with Parliament

• the divine right of kings.

• the Puritan religion.

• Catholicism.

What historic document includes John Locke’s belief that people had the right by birth to freedom and equality and that governments should protect those rights?

• The Declaration of Independence

• The Communist Manifesto

• Plato’s Republic

• Worker’s rights

The American Revolution was unique among successful revolts of the people against a tyrannical monarch and was recognized by many as _______________________________.

• a prelude to the Scientific Revolution

• confirmation of the ideals of the Enlightenment

• a validation of enlightened absolutism

• proof that monarchies were outdated

Which of the following is evidence that religion was an important element in the English Civil War, the formation of a commonwealth, and the Restoration?

• Parliament kept much of its power after the civil war

• Cavaliers and Roundheads supported opposite sides.

• King James II began to appoint Catholics to high public offices

• Parliament passed a Petition of Right, limiting the king’s rights to act.

What was one of the leading causes of social unrest in eighteenth-century France?

• The nobility still treated peasants in a manner similar as medieval serfdom.

• The Estates-General made most of the important decisions for France.

• The French court spent so much money that people did not respect the king

• The peasants owned more land than the nobility.

10. What was the Bastille?

• palace

• castle

• prison

• museum