AUBF MODULE 11 SYNOVIAL

Which of the following tasks is a function of synovial fluid?

1. Providing lubrication for a joint

2. Assisting in the structural support of a joint

3. Transporting nutrients to articular cartilage

4. Synthesizing hyaluronate and degradative

enzymes

• 1, 2, and 3 are correct

• 1 and 3 are correct

• Only 4 is correct

• All are correct

Which of the following statements is a characteristic of normal synovial fluid?

• Synovial fluid is viscous

• Synovial fluid is slightly turbid

• Synovial fluid is dark yellow

• Synovial fluid forms small clots on standing

Which of the following components is not normally present in synovial fluid?

• Fibrinogen

• Neutrophils

• Protein

• Uric acid

Which of the following substances will not increase the turbidity of synovial fluid?

• Fat

• Crystals

• Hyaluronate

• WBCs

Abnormally decreased viscosity in synovial fluid results from

• mucin degradation by leukocytic lysosomes

• overproduction of synovial fluid by synoviocytes

• autoimmune response of synoviocytes in joint disease

• depolymerization of hyaluronate by neutrophilic enzymes

A synovial fluid specimen is received in the laboratory 2 hours after collection. Which of the following changes to the fluid will most likely have taken place?

• The specimen will have clotted

• The uric acid concentration will have decreased

• Crystals may have precipitated or dissolved.

• The lactate concentration will have decreased

Which of the following anticoagulants does not have the potential to precipitate out in crystalline form when used for synovial fluid specimens?

• Sodium citrate

• Sodium heparin

• Lithium heparin

• Potassium oxalate

A synovial fluid specimen has a high cell count and

requires dilution to be counted. Which of the following diluents should be used?

• Normal saline

• Dilute acetic acid (2%)

• Dilute methanol (1%)

• Phosphate buffer solution (0.050 mol/L)

Which of the following results from synovial fluid analysis indicates a joint disease process?

• A few synoviocytes present in the fluid

• A WBC count lower than 200 cells/mL

• An RBC count lower than 2000 cells/mL

• A differential count showing greater than 25% neutrophils

Differentiation of synovial fluid crystals, based on their birefringence, is achieved using

• transmission electron microscopy

• phase-contrast microscopy

• direct polarizing microscopy

• compensated polarizing microscopy