UNIT 4 APHUG TEST

Which of the following groups represents a nation without a state?

• Kurds

• Israelis

• Turks

• Germans

• Albanians

Based on the map, which of the following can be identified as a true statement about Northern Ireland?

• It is united with the rest of the island to form a sovereign nation-state.

• t forms its own sovereign nation-state predominately made up of the Irish ethnic group.

• It is a frontier that is not formally part of a state, but the United Kingdom claims the area.

• It is physically separate from the rest of the United Kingdom, a multinational state.

• It is a stateless nation, as the entire island of Ireland is under the control of the United Kingdom.

Which of the following best explains why the region of Catalonia in Spain could be a viable country?

• Catalonia is linguistically distinct compared to other regions in Spain.

• Catalonia is well developed economically compared to other regions in Spain

• Catalonia's population is ethnically distinct compared to other regions in Spain.

• Catalonia has a large population compared to other regions in Spain.

• Catalonia has a major city, Barcelona, which has a notoriety comparable to that of the Spanish capital, Madrid.

Based on the information in the map, what is the most likely outcome of the possible establishment of an

independent Kurdistan for the Kurdish people?

• The state of Turkey, seeking to connect areas with a substantial Kurdish population into an independent state, might take action against neighboring states.

• The Kurdish people, seeking a state of their own with a majority Kurdish population, might secede from or rebel against the states labeled on the map.

• The Kurdish people would have to migrate into a single country to gain a population majority and would struggle for control of the government.

• In areas with a Kurdish majority population, Kurdish people are politically active among Turks, Iranians, Iraqis, and Syrians and would be able to win an election on a national vote to secede.

• The countries shown on the map will cooperate and work together to address the political situation and needs of people in areas with a substantial Kurdish population.

Some territories within the Russian Federation are characterized by concentrated populations of ethnic groups and

these areas function as autonomous republics. Which of the following best explains the political relationship

between the autonomous republics and the central government of Russia?

• The central government of Russia exerts complete control over the autonomous republics to counteract devolutionary pressures.

• The autonomous republics are able to function independently from the central government because of an abundance of natural resources.

• Russia is a multistate nation characterized by contested regional boundaries.

• The autonomous republics provide ethnic groups with some political control over their homelands while preserving Russia’s territorial integrity.

• Russia is a unitary state characterized by many ethnic groups united within a single country.

Which of the following explains why Korea and Vietnam were viewed as shatterbelts during the Cold War?

• Korea and Vietnam were politically controlled by regional powers.

• Korea and Vietnam kept two political adversaries geographically separated.

• Korea and Vietnam fragmented into new states due to internal tensions.

• Korea and Vietnam tried to control land and sea areas around their states.

• Korea and Vietnam experienced conflict due to a dispute between global powers.

Which of the following describes an example of a consequent boundary?

• The Berlin Wall between East and West Germany no longer exists, but the location is still evident.

• European powers divided Africa at the Berlin Conference and drew boundaries across the continent.

• The United States–Canadian boundary was set at the 49th parallel by a treaty before the area was settled.

• Canada created the province of Nunavut to provide greater autonomy for the First Nations.

• The Andes Mountains are used as a political boundary to divide Chile and Argentina.

Most of Africa’s political boundaries were originally drawn by:

• seventeenth-century European explorers

• European colonial powers in the late-nineteenth century

• the Bandung Conference of 1955

• decolonization movements of the 1950s and 1960s

• UN peacekeeping missions in the 1950s and 1960s

The Philippines and Malaysia lay claim to resources under and around the Spratly Islands. Which of the following best explains how the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) influences claims to the islands by both countries?

• The claims to the Spratly Islands by both the Philippines and Malaysia overlap due to exclusive economic zones up to 200 nautical miles from their coasts.

• The Philippines and Malaysia both claim the islands lie within their territorial seas up to 12 nautical miles from their coasts.

• The claims to the islands by the Philippines and Malaysia overlap due to the median line principle.

• The Philippines and Malaysia both claim ownership to the resources based on a historic possession of the islands.

• The Philippines and Malaysia both claim the islands lie within their contiguous zones between 12 and 24 nautical miles from their coasts.

The Berlin Conference established the borders of North African countries including Egypt, Libya, and Sudan. The

landscape of these countries influenced the types of boundaries imposed by the European colonial powers. Which of the following boundary types best explains the influence of landscape on the political borders of the North African region?

• Antecedent, based on tribal cultural boundaries that existed before European colonization

• Subsequent, with smaller buffer states placed between larger states to prevent political conflicts

• Consequent, accounting for local differences in language and religion during European colonization

• Natural, with irregular lines, accounting for regional physical features such as mountains or water bodies

• Geometric, with straight lines, disregarding physical features or tribal cultural differences of the areas