2nd 9wk Exam

Which sentence from the article best supports the idea that the discovery of X-rays helped improve people’s health?

• “After making this discovery, Rontgen decided to investigate the rays further.”

• “He tested whether the X-rays would pass through the objects or be blocked by them.”

• “Rontgen’s most famous image is the X-ray shadow of his wife Bertha’s hand.”

• “Doctors quickly realized that they could use X-ray images to look at broken bones.”

Which statement is true about Alexander Fleming’s initial understanding of penicillin?

• He hoped that penicillin would cure certain disease.

• He was unaware that penicillin would have any effect.

• He was sure penicillin would be a helpful medicine.

• He knew penicillin was deadly to some bacteria.

Select two pieces of evidence from the text that support the answer to #2.

• “One of the most famous stories of accidental discovery"

• “A medicine used to kill bacteria”

• “Trying to find ways to cure diseases and infections”

• “To Fleming’s amazement”

• “The mold could be used as an antibiotic”

The author believes that Charles Goodyear was a dedicated scientist who kept improving on his work. Which statement from the article best supports that statement?

• “Another scientist who made accidental discoveries was Charles Goodyear.”

• “He tried to change the rubber in countless ways, but each attempt disappointed him.”

• “One day, Goodyear spilled a mixture containing natural rubber onto a hot stove.”

• “Goodyear patented a process of making vulcanized rubber in 844 and then sold his product to manufacturers.”

Which of the following best matches a central idea from the text with a detail that supports it?

• Central idea: Many important discoveries are made during experiments.

  Supporting detail: Doctors began using X-rays to examine injured patients.

• Central idea: Some important discoveries are not well understood at first.

  Supporting detail: Artificial sweetener was based on a kind of coal tar.

• Central idea: Some scientists make accidental discoveries that help people.

  Supporting detail: Penicillin is still used in modern times to save lives.

• Central idea: Dedicated scientists may accidentally become great inventors.

  Supporting detail: Fleming used plates called petri dishes to grow bacteria.

Vulcanized rubber continues to be an important part of modern products. How does the author illustrate this idea in the passage?

• She lists examples of different uses for vulcanized rubber.

• She tells the story of the inventions of vulcanized rubber.

• She compares vulcanized rubber with natural rubber.

• She notes the year in which vulcanized rubber was patented.

Which of the following best summarizes the article?

• Sticky notes, microwaves, and artificial sweeteners all have something in common. Each of these useful things was discovered by accident. The same is true of the number of other discoveries, including penicillin, X-rays, and vulcanized rubber.

• Many important scientific discoveries have been made by accident. These include the discoveries of penicillin, X-rays and vulcanized rubber. In each case, the scientist making the discovery had the experience to see the usefulness in what others might have considered a mere “accident.”

• Alexander Fleming may be the person who made the most important accidental discovery of all time. He was working in his lab when he noticed a type of bread mold that killed bacteria. This led to the invention of penicillin, an antibiotic that has saved countless lives.

• When a good scientist discovers something by accident, the discovery involves more than luck. Microwaves, penicillin, and X-rays are all examples of useful things discovered by scientists who knew how to turn a mistake into something good. Their “lucky accidents” had more to do with hard work than luck.

Which of the following is a main idea?

• Rontgen was performing experiments by passing an electric current through gas.

• Rontgen’s images of his wife’s hand showed that X-rays do not pass through bone.

• X-rays were another accidental discovery.

• Every time the gas sparked, a plate treated with a special chemical lit up.

Select both supporting details.

• Rontgen was performing experiments by passing an electric current through gas.

• Rontgen’s images of his wife’s hand showed that X-rays do not pass through bone.

• X-rays were another accidental discovery.

• Every time the gas sparked, a plate treated with a special chemical lit up.

Which of the following is an example?

• Rontgen was performing experiments by passing an electric current through gas.

• Rontgen’s images of his wife’s hand showed that X-rays do not pass through bone.

• X-rays were another accidental discovery.

• Every time the gas sparked, a plate treated with a special chemical lit up.