AP GOV Judicial Branch Vocab

a philosophy of constitutional interpretation that asserts justices should be cautious in overturning laws

• judicial activism

• judicial restraint

• judicial review

• judicial power

a philosophy of constitutional interpretation that justices should wield the power of judicial review, sometimes creating bold new policies

• judicial activism

• judicial restraint

• judicial review

• judicial power

a federal court authorized by Article III of the Constitution that keeps judges in office during good behavior and prevents their salaries from being reduced. They are the Supreme Court (created by the Constitution) and appellate and district courts created by Congress.

• district courts

• courts of appeals

• constitutional courts

• supreme courts

• legislative courts

the lowest level of the federal judiciary; these courts usually have original jurisdiction in cases that start at the federal level

• district courts

• courts of appeals

• constitutional courts

• supreme courts

• legislative courts

the middle level of the federal judiciary; these courts review and hear appeals from the federal district courts

• district courts

• courts of appeals

• constitutional courts

• supreme courts

• legislative courts

the highest level of the federal judiciary, which was established in Article III of the Constitution and serves as the highest court in the nation

• district courts

• courts of appeals

• constitutional courts

• supreme courts

• legislative courts

a court created by Congress under Article I of the U.S. Constitution whose judges are subject to removal from office and salary reduction

• district courts

• courts of appeals

• constitutional courts

• supreme courts

• legislative courts

is a question asked of a potential candidate for high office, the answer to which would determine whether the nominating official would proceed with the appointment or nomination

• litmus test

• precedent

• standing

• judicial review

the authority of the Supreme Court to strike down a law or executive action if it conflicts with the Constitution

• judicial activism

• judicial restraint

• judicial review

• judicial power

The primary means to petition the court for review is to ask it to grant a ____________. This is a request that the Supreme Court order a lower court to send up the record of the case for review...Under certain instances, one Justice may grant a stay pending review by the entire Court.

• Marbury v. Madison

• writ of certiorari

• writ of habeas corpus

• class-action suit