Bio Review Pt 4 Protein Syn and Mutations

A partial DNA segment and an mRNA codon chart are shown. What amino acid sequence is encoded in the partial DNA segment: 3' T C A T G C A T G 5'?

• Serine-Threonine-Tyrosine

• Serine-Serine-Tyrosine

• Serine-Threonine-Methionine

• Serine-Alanine-Methionine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Students are modeling mRNA during the process of protein synthesis. Which answer choice correctly describes the model of the mRNA strand being transcribed?

• The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine.

• The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.

• The mRNA strand is an exact copy of the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine.

• The mRNA strand is an exact copy of the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.

A sequence of a DNA template strand is show. 3' TCC AAT GGC TTA TTT GCA 5'.

Which of these is the correct amino acid chain produced from the DNA template strand?

• Arginine-Leucine-Proline-Asparagine- Lysine-Arginine

• Tryptophan-Phenylalanine-Leucine-Glycine-Asparagine-Phenylalanine

• Serin-Leucine-Proline-Asparagine-Lysine-Arginine

• Tryptophan-Phenylalanine-Leucine-Glycine-Asparagine-Serine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Snowshoe hares can be found living in the Rocky Mountains of New Mexico. During the summer months, when there is no snow on the ground, the snowshoe hare's coat color is typically brown. During the winter months, when the mountains are covered in snow, the snowshoe hare's coat is typically white.

Which statement describes the genetic basis for the seasonal changes in coat color?

• The snow causes mutations in the genes that regulate coat color so that snowshoe hares are adapted to their environment during the winter months

• The genes that control coat color are regulated by hormone signals that are altered by changes in environmental factors

• Sunlight causes cancer cells to develop in the bodies of snowshoe hares, resulting in an apparent brown-colored coat as a result of hair loss

• The genes that control coat color in snowshoe hares are deleted from the genome during the summer months

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence.

How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?

• By activating or deactivating specific genes

• By calculating the number of genes different organisms produce

• By identifying how closely related one individual is to another

• By determining the number of chromosomes in an organism

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

An illustration of how particular DNA mutation will most likely affect the polypeptide produced is shown.

What type of mutation is illustrated?

• Insertion

• Translocation

• Substitution

• Deletion

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The model shows a mutation to a partial sequence of bases in a gene. Which type of mutation does the model demonstrate?

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Substitution

• Translocation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following statements best describes why the change in only one DNA base of a gene does not always result in a different protein being produced by the gene?

• Some codons code for the same amino acid

• Some codons are translated from DNA

• The change creates an additional mRNA strand

• The change prevents mRNA from being made

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Student A: "The purpose of translation is to convert the sequence of bases of mRNA into a polypeptide chain of amino acids to form proteins."

Student B: "The purpose of translation is to make a duplicate copy of DNA."

Which statement about the students’ comments is correct?

• Student A is correct, because translation occurs in the nucleus.

• Student B is incorrect, because replication is the process that makes a duplicate copy of DNA.

• Student B is correct, because the DNA must be copied before mitosis.

• Student A is incorrect, because the purpose of translation is to convert DNA to RNA.

Which sequence of amino acids is coded for based on the DNA sequence: TACTAGGTT

• Tyrosine, lysine, valine

• Lysine, asparagine, glutamine

• Methionine, isoleucine, glutamine

• Methionine, proline, serine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1