Imperialsim Review

Which of the following did the United States control through imperialist policy around the turn of the 20th century?

• Philippines

• China

• India

• Congo

Reasons for the Spanish American War:

Immediate Cause - to avenge the sinking of the USS Maine

Moral Cause - to help Cuba gain independence from Spain

Political Reason - to gain prestige as a world power

Economic Cause - ________________________?

• to protect United States business interests in Cuba

• to acquire pineapple and sugarcane resources in Hawaii

• to gain access to Caribbean trade through the Domican Republic

• to force Spain to pay $20 million to the United States

Armed conflict that began in Mexico on November 20, 1910:

• Mexican independence

• Battle of Puebla

• Conquest of America

• Mexican Revolution

All of the following refer to the Mexican Revolution of 1910 EXCEPT

• The revolution was spurred in part by resentment against foreign businessmen, particularly those in the oil industry.

• President Porfirio Diaz was orced from power and fled to Spain in exile.

• The revolution was led by a group of intellectuals and financial planners.

• Americans in 1910 owned a larger share of property in Mexico than the Mexicans themselves.

Which of the following is true about imperialism in China during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

• China became part of the British Empire after the Second Opium War.

• Imperial nations left China alone because it was not considered valuable.

• China was the only Asian empire that could compete with the U.S. or Europe.

• Different countries fought China to take its land and control its resources.

As different European countries colonized Africa, Asia, and South America, they spread much of their culture to their new land. In some cases, the European leadership forced the local people to adopt European beliefs, political and economic practices, and ideals.

Which of the following statements is true about the effects of imperialism?

• Imperialism destroyed local traditions.

• Imperialism destroyed previously strong economies.

• Imperialism boosted the economies of all poor nations.

• Imperialism eliminated many religions.

In 1875, Egypt sold its shares of the Suez Canal to pay off debts. Which country bought the shares?

• Italy

• Portugal

• Germany

• Great Britain

Europe's influence spread rapidly throughout the 19th century as it colonized Africa and Southeast Asia. Power and wealth were the driving forces in the search for raw materials to send back to European factories to produce manufactured goods. Through industrialization and the creation of strong nation-states, Europe was able to dominate the colonies and take whatever they needed – raw materials, crops, or cheap labor. Many European countries justified their actions by claiming that

• they were preventing people in colonies from immigrating to European cities.

• they were preventing wars in the colonies by providing jobs and healthcare.

• the people in the colonies had the same rights and privileges as European citizens.

• they were bringing the benefits of their superior civilization to savages.

Japan had limited contact with the outside world in the 19th century. It had only one port open for foreign trade. It did not allow foreigners into Japan nor did it allow its citizens to travel overseas. In 1854, the US forced Japan to sign a treaty, which opened the country to trade. By the 1870s, Japan was industrializing, building steamships, and constructing a railroad system. As the 19th century ended, Japan had changed from a closed, isolationist country to become a world power. Its attempts to westernize while holding on to and strengthening Japanese traditions resulted in a new national identity centered on military strength.

Which of these best describes the result of Japan's economic and military changes in the late 19th century?

• Japan defeated China in Taiwan but was defeated by Russia for control of Manchuria.

• Japan defeated China in a war for the control of Taiwan and the Korean peninsula.

• Japan returned to isolationism after it was defeated by China in Manchuria.

• The Japanese government signed a treaty with China to end US influence in Asia.

The Boxer Rebellion was a Chinese movement aimed against foreign involvement in the country. In 1899, the Boxers began attacking foreign missionaries, merchants, railroad developers, and other non-Chinese. The Qing government was originally unsure about how to handle the rebellion, but it eventually cast its lot with the Boxers, encouraging the attacks against foreigners.

An alliance of eight nations, including Britain, France, Russia, Japan, and the United States, sent forces to China to crush the rebellion and protect their own national interests. When the fighting had ended, the foreign nations held an even stronger control over China than they had before. Russia in particular strengthened its hold on the Liaodong Peninsula and Port Arthur, areas that were also desired by the Japanese. The dispute over this region of China would later lead the two victor nations into conflict with each other.

Which of these best explains Chinese motivations for the Boxer Rebellion?

• They wanted to overthrow the Chinese government.

• They wanted to reform the Chinese education system.

• They wanted to make China a more modern nation.

• They wanted to free China from foreign control.