biopsychology

nervous system

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peripheral nervous system- transmits info from CNS

somatic- transmits info to senses

autonomic- transmits info from internal organs to sustain life processes

sympathetic-increases general bodily activities (blood flow)

parasympathetic- decreases bodily functions.

CNS- concerned with all life functions and psychological processes.

brain- maintains life and psychological process

spinal cord- recieves and transmits info from brain

what is a neuron

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neuron- transmit electrical impulses

what is process of central nervous system

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stimulus - receptors - CNS - Effectors - response

types of neurons

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sensory- transmit electrical impulses from receptors to the CNS (smell & taste)

relay- transmit electrical impulses between sensory neurons and motor neurons

motor- transmit electrical impulses from CNS to effectors ( muscle movement)

what is a sensory neuron

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transmit messages from sense receptors to brain and spinal cord.

summation

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- excitatory neurotransmitters cause an electrical change in the membrane of the cell and results in EPSP.

- whereas inhibitory cause an electrical change in the membrane of the cell which causes IPSP.

- in the post synaptic cell summation occurs. if the overall result is excitatory cell fires if inhibitatory it doesnt

what is a synapse

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junction between two neurons across which electrical signals pass.

The structure and process of synaptic transmission

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- nerve impulse arrives which triggers the release of the neurotransmitter form the voltage into the synaptic cleft from the vesicles.

- neurotransmitters diffuse across to the synaptic cleft.

- neurotransmitters bind to the specific cell receptor sites in the post synaptic knob

- they trigger the electrical signal in the next neuron.

- excess neurotransmitters are removed from the cleft by the reuptake or digested enzyme.

Excitatory

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noradrenaline- like adrenaline, it works by constructing the blood vessels and increasing blood and glucose levels.

too much- schizophrenia

too little- parkinsons and depression

dopamine- affects your emotions and movements.

too much- schizophrenia

too little- parkinsons and depression

Inhibitory

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serotonin- affect your mood,appetite,social behaviour and digestion.

too little- depression

GABA- is to inhibit or reduce the activity of the neurons nerve cells

too little-anxiety disorders