3.2 Quiz #2

Over many generations, mutations have occurred to the harmless California king snake that have caused it to look like the poisonous western corals snake. What is the impact of this mutation on the organism?

• The mutation is most likely helpful.

• The mutation is most likely harmful.

• The mutation is most likely neutral (no effect).

In the reading of DNA to produce amino acids, an error occurred. A nitrogen base was read incorrectly and instead of the section of DNA being read as TAG it was read as TGG. This changed the amino acid and resulted in a different amino acid in the protein. TAG is the codon for cysteine. TGG is the codon to stop the protein chain.

• There was no effect.

• There was a beneficial effect because the DNA now creates a new protein.

• There was a change in protein made because the reading of the DNA no longer stopped at the same point.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

How would you determine whether a mutation negatively impacts an organism?

• The mutation increases the organism's chance for survival and reproduction.

• The mutation decreases the organism's chance for survival and reproduction.

• The mutation has no effect on the organism's chance for survival and reproduction.

• The mutation will most likely be passed down to offspring.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Scientists change the genes of a tomato plant to produce a protein that is a neutral pesticide. Justify why this is classified as a positive (helpful) mutation.

• This demonstrates that scientists are able to manipulate (change) an organism's genes.

• The plant will develop a symbiotic (close) relationship with insects.

• The plant will be resistant to insects, increasing its chances of survival.

• This may cause a decrease in the genetic diversity of the tomato plant.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Amino acids are joined together in cells to make:

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• phosphoric acids

• fatty acids

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

A mutation occurs to a gene in a body cell that results in tumors growing along a person's nerves or under the skin. They increase the chances of the person having learning disabilities. What is the impact of this mutation on the organism?

• The mutation is beneficial (helpful).

• The mutation is harmful.

• The mutation is neutral (not good, not bad).

• The mutation will be passed down to the person's offspring.

Which of the following objects could be used to model the structure of a DNA molecule?

• a snowflake

• a ladder

• a three-dimensional cube

• a branching tree

Predict which gene mutation would have the greatest impact on a protein's amino acid sequence.

• A nitrogen base pair is SUBSTITUTED with another nitrogen base pair that codes for the SAME amino acid.

• A nitrogen base pair is SUBSTITUTED with another nitrogen base pair that codes for a DIFFERENT amino acid.

• A nitrogen base is ADDED at the BEGINNING of a DNA strand.

• A nitrogen base is DELETED from the END of a DNA strand.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?

• individual
• population
• species
• fossil

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NGSS.MS-LS3-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Heredity is:

• Survival of the fittest

• The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring

• Believing in false gods

• Unexplained

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1