Industrialization/Reform & Culture Test Review

Which of the following played the greatest role in the growth of cities and industry in the United States during the mid 19th century?

• The construction of roads, canals, and railroads

• The expansion of the plantation system throughout the South

• The removal of American Indian tribes from Georgia and Florida

• The chartering of the Bank of the United States

Which factor contributed to the decline in rural populations?

• Elimination of property qualifications expanded suffrage.

• An increase in foreign exports encouraged immigration to    the U.S.

• The spread of slavery led to a decline in rural areas.

• Industrialization encouraged people to pursue jobs in the cities

Which quotation reveals the main reason for the surge in Irish immigration to the United States in the mid-nineteenth century?

• “What you labour for is sweetened by contentment and happiness”

• “There is no failure in the potato crop...”

• “I am exceedingly well pleased at the coming to this land of plenty”

• “I would advise all my friends to quit Ireland”

The Transcontinental Railroad was completed on May 10, 1869 at Promontory, Utah. How did this event contribute to the opening of the west?

• It enabled settlers to cross the west, to receive shipments, and to ship their own goods.

• It made it easier for settlers to capture the buffalo living on the Great Plains.

• It led the federal government to pass the Homestead Act, giving free land to homesteaders.

• It helped settlers to ship the gold mined in California to banks in the east.

What effect did technological advances such as the steamboat, the cotton gin, and use of interchangeable parts have on the economy of the United States?

• The quality of American manufactured goods declined.

• The need for unskilled workers in manufacturing declined.

• The price of manufactured goods declined.

• The quantity of American manufactured goods declined.

*Goods were made by hand

*Goods were produced one at a time

*Making and repairing products took a lot of time

Which technological innovation eliminated these challenges of mass production of goods in the 1800s?

• Assembly-line production

• A moveable conveyor belt

• Internal combustion engine

• Interchangeable parts

How did the invention of the steam engine impact  the way goods were manufactured in the United States?

• Larger quantities of goods could be produced faster and cheaper.

• Women and children no longer worked in manufacturing.

• Workers could work no more than forty hours a week in the factory system.

• Manufacturing facilities moved from the Northeast to the South.

*Invention of the Cotton Gin

*Growing demand for inexpensive labor

*Opening of lands along the Mississippi River

Which change occurred as a direct result of these developments?

• A reduction in the number of unskilled workers in the northern states.

• The expansion of slavery into newly acquired territories

• A reduction in trade with European countries

• The expansion of manufacturing in the western territories

Which statement best describes the effects of the free enterprise system on American businesses?

• Business could not expand very fast because of high federal taxes.

• Businesses wanted more government regulation to protect them from unfair competition.

• Businesses worked to produce better goods at cheaper prices to increase sales and profits.

• Businesses encouraged the establishment of labor unions to improve workers’ conditions and pay.

Americans generally embraced the free enterprise system because it reinforced their belief that --

• Wealth should be shared equally by all social groups

• Government should protect the rights of slave owners

• Slavery was more sitied to agriculture than free labor

• Government intrusion in the economy should be limited