Embedded and Specialized Systems

Which of the following statements is not true?

• Embedded systems are designed with a single control purpose in mind and typically have no additional functionality.

• Embedded systems are free of risk and security concerns.

• Embedded is the name given to a computer that is included as an integral part of a larger system.

• Embedded systems can be as complex as the dozens of interconnected embedded systems in a modern automobile.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the risk of next-generation vehicles?

• There are minimal risks when next-generation automobiles share information.

• Passing traffic and other information between vehicles does not increase security risks.

• The sharing of navigation and other inputs between vehicles presents a potential security issue.

• Time-to-market and cost minimization have minimal impact on potential risks being exploited.

Which of the following properly defines supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)?

• A scaled-down version of Linux designed for use in an embedded system

• The standard used for communicating between intelligent car systems

• The risk created by connecting control systems in buildings

• A system designed to control automated systems in cyber-physical environments

Which of the following statements is true about smart devices and the Internet of Things (IoT)?

• The use of a Linux-type kernel as the core engine makes programming more complex.

• Mass production introduces significant security risks.

• The scaling of the software development over large numbers of units makes costs scalable, and functionality is paramount.

• Security or anything that might impact new expanded functionality is considered early and gets the focus and resources necessary.

Which of the following statements is true about HVAC and building automation systems?

• They have not been exploited to any significant degree yet.

• Interconnecting these systems and using Internet-based central control mechanisms increases the risk profile from outside attacks.

• Having a “smart building” that reduces the use of building resources in accordance with the number and distribution of people inside has not increased efficiency or reduced costs.

• The rise of hyper-connectivity has introduced no additional security concerns.

Which of the following statements is not true about system on a chip?

• It provides the full functionality of a computing platform on a single chip.

• It typically has low power consumption and efficient design.

• Programming of SoC systems can occur at several different levels, and thus potential risks are easily mitigated.

• Because SoC represents computing platforms with billions of devices worldwide, it has become a significant force in the marketplace.

What distinguishes real-time operating systems (RTOSs) from general-purpose operating systems?

• Unlike RTOSs, most general-purpose operating systems handle interrupts within defined time constraints

• Unlike general-purpose OSs, most RTOSs are capable of multitasking by design.

• Unlike RTOSs, most general-purpose operating systems are multitasking by design.

• Unlike general-purpose OSs, RTOSs are designed to handle multiple threads.

Which of the following statements is true about printers and multifunction devices?

• They rely on the computer to manage the printing and scanning processes.

• Because of their long history and widespread use, security is designed into these products.

• These devices communicate in a bidirectional fashion, accepting print jobs and sending back job status, printer status, and so forth.

• So far, they have not been shown to be hackable or capable of passing malware to the computer.

Which of the following is a very important aspect to always remember when dealing with security of medical devices?

• They are still relatively new in their usage.

• They can directly affect human life.

• Security is not related to safety.

• They are almost exclusively stand-alone devices, without Internet connectivity.

Which of the following poses a significant potential risk of unmanned aerial vehicles?

• They have sophisticated autopilot functions.

• They have cameras, sensors, and payloads.

• Some models have a low price.

• Because they are pilotless, their remote-control systems may be networked and therefore vulnerable to potential risks.