Midterm Ch. 2 Basic Chemistry Review

Together, just four elements make up more than 96% of the body's mass. These include:

• Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Carbon

• Oxygen, Calcium, Iron, Nitrogen

• Sodium, Chlorine, Carbon, Hydrogen

• Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

The smallest unit of an element that still retains the distinctive behavior of that element is an _____.

• electron

• atom

• elemental particle

• isotope

Negatively charged particles in an atom are called:

• protons

• neutrons

• electrons

• elements

All isotopes of a particular element possess:

• identical atomic weights

• the same number of neutrons, but different numbers of electrons

• the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons

• identical atomic weights and numbers

The ability to do work in either a stored manner or moving manner is known as _____.

• energy

• matter

• chemistry

• reactions

Anything occupying space with a definite mass is ______.

• matter

• volume

• density

• energy

The process of spontaneous atomic decay is known as ______.

• radioisotopes

• radioactivity

• microactivity

• matter and energy

______ elements have a complete valence shell and are stable, while ______ elements are unstable with valence shells that are not full.

• inert; radioactive

• inert; reactive

• reactive; inert

• radioactive; inert

Reactive elements have many important features, but which of the following is not a characteristic of reactive elements?

• valence shells are not full (not complete)

• tend to gain, lose, or share electrons

• allows bonds to form

• are considered stable

Which of the following is the only characteristic that matches inert elements?

• have complete valence shells

• have incomplete valence shells

• most elements have 4 electrons in the outer shell

• most elements are unstable