Momentum and Impulse

Collisions where objects BOUNCE apart.

• inelastic collisions

• elastic collisions

• explosions

• none of these

Answer explanation

Elastic collisions are characterized by objects bouncing apart after the collision, conserving both momentum and kinetic energy. Inelastic collisions, on the other hand, do not conserve kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Momentum before = Momentum after

according to the Law of Conservation of _______________.

• Momentum

• Energy

• Force

• Acceleration

Answer explanation

The Law of Conservation of Momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant before and after an event, hence the correct answer is 'Momentum'.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Collision where objects collide, and stick together.

• inelastic collision

• explosion

• elastic collision

• none of these

Answer explanation

An inelastic collision occurs when colliding objects stick together after the impact, resulting in a loss of kinetic energy. This distinguishes it from elastic collisions, where objects bounce off without sticking.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• Newton's 1st Law

• Newton's 3rd Law

• Newton's 2nd Law

• Law of Momentum

Answer explanation

The statement "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction" describes Newton's 3rd Law of Motion, which states that forces always occur in pairs. Thus, the correct answer is Newton's 3rd Law.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Which TWO variables determine the MOMENTUM for an object?

• time

• density

• velocity

• mass

Answer explanation

Momentum is determined by the product of mass and velocity. Mass represents the amount of matter in an object, while velocity indicates its speed and direction. Therefore, the correct variables are mass and velocity.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

 

A trampoline increases __________________, which in turn decreases _____________________.

• force / time

• time / force

• mass / weight

• acceleration / velocity

Answer explanation

A trampoline increases the time of impact during a jump, which in turn decreases the force exerted on the jumper. This is due to the longer duration over which the force is applied, reducing the peak force experienced.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

 

A car has 10,800 kg m/s of momentum as it collides with a trash dumpster AT REST. How much TOTAL MOMENTUM will the car and dumpster have after collision?

• Less than 10,800 Kg x m/s

• More than 10,800 Kg x m/s

• The same. 10,800 Kg x m/s

• Not enough information.

Answer explanation

The total momentum before the collision is conserved. Since the dumpster is at rest, the total momentum after the collision will still equal the initial momentum of the car, which is 10,800 kg m/s.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

 

An insect applies 1.5 N of force to a windshield of a moving car. How much force does the windshield apply to the insect?

• 15,000 N

• 0.5 N

• 1.5 N

• Not enough information

Answer explanation

According to Newton's third law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, if the insect applies 1.5 N of force to the windshield, the windshield applies 1.5 N of force back to the insect.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

What is the TOTAL MOMENTUM for the system BEFORE COLLISION?

• 14 kg m/s

• 24 kg m/s

• 10 kg m/s

• -24 kg m/s

Answer explanation

To find the total momentum before collision, sum the momenta of all objects. If the system's total momentum is calculated as 10 kg m/s, this indicates the correct choice is 10 kg m/s.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

What will the TOTAL MOMENTUM be AFTER COLLISION?

• 12 kg m/s

• 24 kg m/s

• 10 kg m/s

• -24 kg m/s

Answer explanation

To find the total momentum after the collision, we sum the momenta of the colliding objects. If the initial momenta were 12 kg m/s and -2 kg m/s, the total after collision is 10 kg m/s, making this the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2