Inv13Exp1_Understanding Disease

1. 1. Which characteristic sets viruses apart from microorganisms such as bacteria and amoebae? Select all that apply.

• Viruses are parasitic.

• Viruses can evolve.

• Viruses contain strands of DNA.

• Viruses can reproduce only inside a host cell.

A ​ (a)   is a nonliving particle made of proteins, nucleic acids, and sometimes lipids. Its protein coat, or ​ (b)   ,  helps trick a host cell to take the particle in. This protein coat surrounds and protects the ​ (c)   . Microorganisms that disrupt normal body functions are known as ​ (d)   and cause infectious diseases.

• virus
• capsid
• DNA or RNA
• pathogens
• cell
• DNA
• nucleus
• bacteria

Scientists are working to find a cure for AIDS. HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is among the 70 percent of viruses that contain RNA instead of DNA. The HIV infection mechanism is shown in the diagram. Which 2 steps in the diagram are evidence that HIV is a retrovirus?

Which of the following are characteristics of a cell but not a virus? Select all that apply.

• Reproduces either asexually or sexually

• Genetic code is DNA or RNA

• Reproduces only within a host cell

• Genetic code is DNA only

• Obtains and uses energy

Seth will attend college in the fall and live in the dormitory, so he is required to obtain a(n) ​ (a)   against bacterial meningitis, which will stimulate his body to produce immunity to the disease. He reads that meningitis is a fast-acting and potentially fatal disease, transmitted by ​ (b)   in the respiratory droplets of infected individuals. (c)   , such as these bacteria, cause disease by destroying ​ (d)   and releasing ​ (e)   that disrupt the body’s normal homeostasis.

• vaccine
• bacteria
• pathogens
• cells
• toxins
• viruses
• organs
• endorphins

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3