World History 2 Review

Which of these statements is most likely to be made by a proponent of natural law and natural rights?

• God grants monarchs the authority to rule and the duty to give people their rights.

• People are irrational, so science is useless in figuring out human behavior.

• History teaches that individual freedom is an impossible goal.

• Government does not grant rights; it protects them.

Rousseau wrote, “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” What kind of government did he favor in order to ensure greater freedom?

• an absolute monarchy

• an enlightened monarchy

• an oligarchy

• a popularly elected government

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness . . .”— The Declaration of Independence

Which Enlightenment thinker most directly influenced the notion expressed in this passage?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Jacques Bossuet

• Baron de Montesquieu

Which of the following is an example of the judicial branch checking the legislative branch in the U.S. government?

• The Supreme Court declares a law passed by Congress to be unconstitutional.

• The President appoints a new Chief Justice.

• The Senate approves a treaty negotiated by the President.

• Congress rejects a nominee to a federal court.

Allows businesses to operate with little or no government intervention. “Government Hands Off”

• laissez-faire

• natural rights

• social contract

• natural law

An agreement by which people give up their freedoms for an organized society.

• laissez-faire

• natural rights

• social contract

• natural law

Rights that belong to all humans at birth

• laissez-faire

• natural rights

• social contract

• natural law

Rules discoverable by reason

• laissez-faire

• natural rights

• social contract

• natural law

How did absolute monarchs who disagreed with the Enlightenment try to stop ideas from being spread?

• laissez-faire

• censorship

• writing books

• declaring rights of man

Absolute monarchs who used their power to bring about political and social change...

• Enlightened despots

• philosophers

• social contractors

• limited monarchs