Chapter 17 Lesson 1 Review

Which of the following was the primary reason for European naval exploration?

• they wanted proof that Earth was round

• they were afraid of African empires

• they were looking for new trade routes for trading in spices with Asia

Why did Columbus sail westward to find Asia?

• Columbus believed that Portuguese explorers were wrong to think that Asia was to the east.

• Columbus did not know that another continent was located between Europe and Asia.

• Columbus was more interested in settling in Asia instead of finding spices for trade.

The Portuguese were the first successful European explorers because they

• invented a faster ship that also held a large amount of cargo.

• had the strongest desire for riches among all European countries.

• were more determined because of their strong religious goals.

How did Cortes and Pizarro conquer the Aztecs and Incas with much smaller forces than those of the native inhabitants?

• The smaller Spanish forces were more motivated to win than the forces of the Aztec and Inca.

• The Aztec and Inca welcomed the invaders and did not put up a fight.

• The Aztec and Inca did not have the powerful weapons or horses of the Spanish invaders.

Which of the following began to take over Portuguese and Spanish claims in the Americas in the late 1500s?

• Dutch, French, and English

• West Indians

• Aztec and Inca

The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 gave Spain control of almost all of

• Asia

• Africa.

• the Americas.

Portuguese explorers sailed to India in search of

• weapons.

• spices to trade

• peoples to conquer.

Trade winds helped Columbus sail to the Americas because

• they blow toward the west, which is the direction of the Americas from Europe.

• the winds blow toward the east and pushed him along.

• the winds are strong enough to carry a ship even without sails.

A contributing factor to the defeat of both the Aztec and Inca was

• the trusting nature of the populations.

• the difficulty involved in defending buildings made of stone.

• their lack of immunity to European diseases, especially smallpox.

In 1663, the colony of New _____ had its own governor, military commander, and soldiers.

• France

• Spain

• Portugal