Linguistic Terminology

Archaism

• Where a word takes on a more positive connotation over time (e.g. nice originally meant foolish

• Where a word is shortened to form a new variant (e.g. advertisement becomes ad or advert

• A word which is no longer in everyday use, or has lost a particular meaning in current usage

• A study of the history of a word and its earlier forms and meanings

Phrases generally understood in a language but which do not directly translate are _________________________________________________________

Jargon

• Words and phrases known primarily by a group of people – often within a particular profession – which enable them to exchange complex information efficiently.

• The contraction of a phrase, word or part of a word – like a telescope being closed

• An optional or less-important part of a clause or sentence

• When a word takes on a more negative connotation over time

A group of words that relate to a shared area of meaning is....

• Lexical Field

• Semantic Field

• Vocabulary

• Grammatical Field

______________ is a grammatical feature through which a speaker or writer can express modality (i.e. an attitude towards the content of an utterance), usually involving modal verbs such as can, ought or might.

The study of words and the various forms they take is...

• Orthography

• Phonology

• Morphology

• Morpheme

A comparison of two things which have some element of similarity. The similarity is often used to help clarify an issue or idea. What is it?

Register

• A writer or speaker’s main aim when producing a text

• Ordinary language, without a rhyming pattern or rhythmic structure

• The variety of language used in a particular situation, particularly with regard to levels of formality

• When the reader is addressed directly, typically through the use of you, your, yours, etc

What is the point at which speakers move from one topic to another in conversation?

Give an example of discourse markers.