Personality Review

A parent who keeps a son’s room intact even though he’s been happily married and in his own home for five years is exhibiting which of the following defense mechanisms?

• Reaction Formation

• Denial

• Repression

• Sublimination

A stubborn individual who accuses peers of being uncooperative is exhibiting which of the following defense mechanisms?

• Sublimination

• Regression

• Displacment

• Projection

According to Albert Bandura, people who believe that their efforts will be successful and that they are in control of events have a high level of

• Self-efficacy

• Insight

• Social Responsibility

• Displacement

According to psychoanalytic theory, Tom’s constant shoplifting suggests that he has an underdeveloped

• Id

• Ego

• Super ego

• Defense mechanism

Larry wants to be more open to new experiences. According to a behaviorist, how could he teach himself to be more open?

• Give himself a reward every time he convinces himself to participate in a new experience.

• Explore what happened in his childhood that makes him reluctant to try new things.

• Force himself to engage in one new experience a day until it is second nature.

• Mentally walk himself through what each potential new experience will be like to convince himself that it will be a positive experience.

Carl Jung believed in a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from a person’s ancestral past. Which of the following psychological terms refers to that storehouse?

• Ego

• Id

• Collective unconscious

• Super ego

Chris believed he did well on his exam because he was lucky. Which psychological concept applies to Chris’s explanation?

• Self serving bias

• External loci of control

• Internal loci of control

• Self-efficacy

Paris tends to view personality as fairly stable and therefore her personality is more stable, whereas Lane tends to view personality as fairly changeable and therefore her personality is more changeable. These differences in attitudes and personality are most consistent with the

• Behaviorist view of personality

• Humanistic view of personality

• Social-cognitive view of personality

• Trait view of personality

A researcher wants to understand the personality characteristics and motivations that might help explain a famous political figure’s rise to power. She studies his early childhood experiences and other formative events in his life. The method this researcher is using to study personality is known as

• Naturalistic observation

• Survey

• Cross-sectional study

• Case Study

In general, trait theories emphasize which of the following?

• The role of the environment on personality

• The consistency of personal characteristics

• Early childhood

• The role of rewards and punishments