Psy Chapter 2

According to evolutionary psychology, natural selection favors behaviors that

• maintain peace among people.

• make a population physically strong.

• increase reproductive success.

• are not aggressive in nature.

Which statement is best supported by the results of the current research?

• Genes shape predispositions for behaviors or traits, but we need to also take context into account.

• Most human behavior can be explained by looking at the natural selection in our species' past.

• Of the different types of genotype-environment correlations, evocative ones are the most powerful.

• Genes have a far lesser influence on human development than previously thought.

Prenatal development begins with ______ and ends with ______.

• organogenesis; ovulation

• ovulation; fertilization

• birth; death

• fertilization; birth

______ are threadlike structures made up of strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

• Proteins

• Genes

• Marker genes

• Chromosomes

A ______ gene will only be expressed if a person does NOT have the ______ gene on the other half of a chromosome pair.

• recessive; dominant

• dominant; recessive

• polygenic; monogenic

• monogenic; polygenic

According to the epigenetic view, development is

• a reflection of our species' evolutionary heritage.

• influenced more by genetics at earlier ages, and environment at later ages.

• due to heredity and environment each affecting the other.

• primarily due to heredity.

Low birth weight infants weigh less than ______ at birth.

• 4 pounds 2 ounces

• 5 pounds 8 ounces

• 6 pounds

• 3 pounds 4 ounces

Which of the following is NOT one of behavior geneticist Sandra Scarr's hereditary-environment correlations?

• active (niche-picking)

• evocative

• phenotypic

• passive

Fertilization typically takes place in the

• lining of the uterus

• womb

• uterine wall

• fallopian tube

How long does the postpartum period last?

• 12 weeks

• about 6 weeks

• until the mother leaves the hospital

• approximately 3 months