New Centers of Civilization

Pastoral (a)   domesticated animals for food and clothing.

People who lived in settled communities often viewed nomads as

• kind and giving

• hostile and barbaric.

• strong and silent

• ignorant but friendly

Nomads traded ____ and ____ ____ for grains and vegetables they were unable to grow.

(a)  

Pastoral nomads also carried products between civilized centers. In this way nomads often passed on new (a)   ,

When overpopulation or drought disrupted the pastoral nomads’ normal patterns, however, they often ______ to obtain relief.

• attacked the civilized communities

• ran away from communities

• would trade extra goods

• would look for new plants to grow

The Hittites were the first Indo-Europeans to use _____.

• nickel

• copper

• gold

• iron

Phoenician culture is best known for its (a)   .

Much of the Israelites’ history and religious beliefs was eventually written down in the ______ ________.

(a)  

According to Israelite traditions, they are descendants of the patriarch (a)   .

Because of drought, the Israelites moved to Egypt, where they were ______ until _____ led them out of Egypt

(a)