Q 1.1 The History of The Atom

The fire had different uses many, many years ago. Which of the following are benefits that fire had back in time? Select all that apply.

• Protection against wild animals

• Food cooking

• Heat source on cold nights

• Pottery and metallurgy

What connection did religious beliefs have on describing natural phenomena?

• Natural phenomena were controlled by demons, spirits, and gods.

• Spirits, demons, and gods could not influence natural phenomena.

• Pleasing the spirits, demons, and gods caused catastrophic natural disasters.

• Natural phenomena were disconnected from spiritual beings.

Who thought all matter is made up of earth, wind, water, and fire, which determine matter’s properties and behavior?

• Anaxagoras

• Empedocles

• Thomson

• Dalton

Rutherford experimented with a gold foil and a beam of alpha particles, which led him to propose the existence of the ___.

• electron

• neutron

• nucleus

• atom

The modern atomic model, proposed initially by Bohr and then strengthened by Heisenberg and Schrödinger, is characterized by all the following, except ___.

• electrons moving at different distances from the nucleus

• the wavy nature of the orbitals

• the existence of an electron cloud

• the nucleus only containing protons

When Thomson discovered the electron, using a cathode-ray tube, he compared the atom to which of the following?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Democritus and Leucippus adopted a word to describe particles they defined as indivisible. What word did they use?

• corpuscles

• atomos

• ether

• orbitals

If Anaxagoras were looking at a grain of sand, he would say its tiny seeds contained water, metal, cotton, paper, and even black holes! –but mostly ___.

• water

• fire

• sand

• air

Contrary to the scientific method developed recently, a group flourished in Greece and spent its time thinking about the natural world without proving its ideas. They were known as ___.

• philosophers

• doctors

• scientists

• prehistoric thinkers

Niels Bohr proposed his planetary model after analyzing Rutherford's and considering it was not a sustainable theory. He suggested that the ___ were orbiting the nucleus just like the planets orbit the sun.

• electrons

• nucleons

• neutrons

• protons