Natural Selection 4A

Which is not an example of an adaptation?

• A bird's beak allows it to crack open hard nuts.
• A zebra's stripes allow it to confuse its predators.
• A frog's large hind legs allow it to jump from danger.
• A cat sleeps on the sofa to avoid the vacuum cleaner.

What is it called when better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to their offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

"Survival of the Fittest" describes which theory

• a) natural selection
• b) gravity
• c) heredity
• d) string theory

The example of the peppered (brown) moths living near English industrial cities demonstrates that

• A change in an environment can result in the evolution of species living there
• Evolution occurs so slowly that is it not possible to determine that it has happened in less than a million years
• The environment near these cities has always favored dark colored moths

Since the 1800s humans have stopped burning coal, and the trees have returned to their original color. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• Dark moth
• Light moth
• Both will be equally successful
• Neither will be successful

Why/how do population change over time?

• The environment changes

• There is a heritable trait which doesn't help survival

• Natural selection causes a trait to become more common in the population

• The organism decides to have a mutation occur

Mutations happen

• when the environment changes

• when the animal needs to adapt

• at random

• after adaptation

Mutations are...

• beneficial when it helps survival and reproduction

• neutral when it doesn't help or hinder survival and reproduction

• harmful when it lowers the chance for survival and reproduction

Slight variations in a trait among a species, like different shaped bird beaks, are called

• genes.
• variations.
• traits.
• theories.

The graphs below show the changes in crab color at one beach.

Which of the following is most likely to have caused the change in the distribution?

• A new predator arrived that preferred dark-tan crabs.

• A new predator arrived that preferred light-tan crabs.

• A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the least visible to predators.

• A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the most visible to predators.