Cell Cycle Regulation and Cancer

Which phrase best describes a common characteristic of all cancers?

• absence of cyclins
• damaged DNA
• uncontrolled cell growth
• inherited from parents

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the role of protein kinases?

• remove phosphate groups to deactivate enzymes

• trigger apoptosis

• add phosphate groups and energy to activate enzymes

• stop the cell cycle

Which description is true about cell cycle regulation?

• Changing concentrations of Cdk result in binding to cyclin
• Changing concentrations of cyclin result in binding to Cdk
• MPF complex formation decreases with increased Cdk levels
• MPF complex formation decreases with increased cyclin levels

Which of the following correctly describes cells that are in the G₀ phase?

• Mature nerve and muscle cells are unable to divide and are permanently in G₀.

• Many cells enter G₀ when they reach the checkpoint during the M phase.

• Cells in G₀ are growing and preparing for cell division.

• DNA replication occurs during G₀.

How does the concentration of cyclin dependent kinases (Cdk) change as the cell proceeds through the cell cycle?

• Cdk concentration remains constant.
• Cdk concentration increases during interphase and decreases during mitosis.
• Cdk concentration decreases during interphase and increases during mitosis.
• Cdk concentration correlates directly with MPF concentration.

How does the concentration of cyclin change as a cell goes through the cell cycle?

• Cyclin concentration remains constant.
• Cyclin concentration increases during interphase and decreases during mitosis.
• Cyclin concentration decreases during interphase and increases during mitosis.
• Cyclin concentration is inversely related to MPF concentrations.

Which of these is a risk factor for developing cancer? CHECK ALL THAT APPLY

• growing older

• genetic inheritance

• exposure to carcinogens (toxins that can damage DNA)

• smoking

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A substance that is known to cause cancer is called a

• carcinogen

• retrovirus

• pathogen

• paramecium

Which of these is a tumor that is noncancerous and does not spread?

• Malignant

• Benign

Which of the following is a type of protein that regulates the cell cycle? 

• actin 
• myosin 
• cyclin 
• pepsin