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Indonesia is the world’s third-largest coffee producer and exporter, after Brazil and Vietnam. National coffee output has grown over the past decades, albeit not in a linear fashion as harvests fluctuate strongly from one year to another depending on the weather. With per-capita coffee consumption on the rise both in Indonesia and the wider region, there is obvious room for further growth, but there is also an obvious need for investment. The capital required to take Indonesia’s coffee industry to the next level presents appealing prospects for investors, while the country’s burgeoning coffee culture also brings opportunities for foreign exporters.

Indonesia’s tropical climate produces almost ideal conditions for planting coffee. Today, most Indonesian coffee comes from Sumatra, but Sulawesi and Kalimantan, the Lesser Sunda Islands of Bali, Sumbawa and Flores as well as the country’s easternmost region of Papua all contribute to national output. Robusta coffee makes up more than three quarters of Indonesia’s produce; the remainder is of the milder Arabica type. The numerous coffee-growing regions in the country produce beans of distinct flavors and properties, and a number of highland Arabica coffees from Indonesia are recognized by aficionados the world over.

Indonesian coffee exports rose from 336,840 tonnes (or 5,614,000 60-KG bags) in crop year 2000/2001 to 656,400 tonnes (10,940,000 bags) in 2012/2013, according to data collated by the International Coffee Organization. Total production over the same period increased from 419,220 tonnes to 763,800 tonnes. At present, the principal destinations for Indonesian coffee are the US, Japan and Western Europe (particularly Germany), but Indonesia is well placed to capitalize on the fast-rising demand in the ASEAN region and in China.

Indonesian per-capita consumption of around 1.2 kg in 2012 pales against more than 4 kg in the US, around 7 kg in the world’s number one coffee producer Brazil and more than 10 kg in various European countries. But with Indonesian per-capita consumption having already doubled in just a few years, domestic demand looks to be on a fast growth trend. This puts the world’s fourth-most populous country on course to become a leading coffee market. Local demand is driven by the lifestyle changes that accompany urbanization and economic development. Caffeine consumption tends to increase when a larger part of the labor force works in an office environment.

(Adapted from www.gbgindonesia.com)

What is the best summary of the passage?

• The primary destinations for Indonesian coffee export are the US, Japan and Western Europe

• Total production of Indonesian coffee over the same period has increased

• Indonesia is well placed to capitalize on the fast-rising demand in the ASEAN region

• The various coffee-growing in the country produce beans of distinct flavors

• Indonesia’s coffee growing and Indonesia’s coffee industry needs growth capital

Indonesia is the world’s third-largest coffee producer and exporter, after Brazil and Vietnam. National coffee output has grown over the past decades, albeit not in a linear fashion as harvests fluctuate strongly from one year to another depending on the weather. With per-capita coffee consumption on the rise both in Indonesia and the wider region, there is obvious room for further growth, but there is also an obvious need for investment. The capital required to take Indonesia’s coffee industry to the next level presents appealing prospects for investors, while the country’s burgeoning coffee culture also brings opportunities for foreign exporters.

Indonesia’s tropical climate produces almost ideal conditions for planting coffee. Today, most Indonesian coffee comes from Sumatra, but Sulawesi and Kalimantan, the Lesser Sunda Islands of Bali, Sumbawa and Flores as well as the country’s easternmost region of Papua all contribute to national output. Robusta coffee makes up more than three quarters of Indonesia’s produce; the remainder is of the milder Arabica type. The numerous coffee-growing regions in the country produce beans of distinct flavors and properties, and a number of highland Arabica coffees from Indonesia are recognized by aficionados the world over.

Indonesian coffee exports rose from 336,840 tonnes (or 5,614,000 60-KG bags) in crop year 2000/2001 to 656,400 tonnes (10,940,000 bags) in 2012/2013, according to data collated by the International Coffee Organization. Total production over the same period increased from 419,220 tonnes to 763,800 tonnes. At present, the principal destinations for Indonesian coffee are the US, Japan and Western Europe (particularly Germany), but Indonesia is well placed to capitalize on the fast-rising demand in the ASEAN region and in China.

Indonesian per-capita consumption of around 1.2 kg in 2012 pales against more than 4 kg in the US, around 7 kg in the world’s number one coffee producer Brazil and more than 10 kg in various European countries. But with Indonesian per-capita consumption having already doubled in just a few years, domestic demand looks to be on a fast growth trend. This puts the world’s fourth-most populous country on course to become a leading coffee market. Local demand is driven by the lifestyle changes that accompany urbanization and economic development. Caffeine consumption tends to increase when a larger part of the labor force works in an office environment.

(Adapted from www.gbgindonesia.com)

What can be inferred from paragraph 3 in the passage?

• The coffee export has decreased in several years

• Total production deducted from 419,220 tonnes to 763,800 tonnes

• Indonesian coffee exports increased from 2000/2001 to 2012/2013

• Indonesia is in a good site to take advantage of fast-rising demand in ASEAN

• The US, Japan and Western Europe are the destination for Indonesian coffee

How are we able to find things in the dark? It is because our brain is able to store information in such a way that it can be retrieved by different senses. It turns out that the ability to recognise objects across different senses is present in the tiny brains of an insect. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London and Macquarie University in Sydney have published new work in the journal Science showing that bumblebees can also find objects in the dark they've only seen before.

In the light, but barred from touching the objects, bumblebees were trained to find rewarding sugar water in one type of object (cubes or spheres) and bitter quinine solution in the other shape. When tested in the dark, bees preferred the object that was previously rewarding, spending more time exploring them.

Dr Cwyn Solvi is the lead author on the paper who was based at Queen Mary University of London and is now at Macquarie University in Sydney. She said: "The results of our study show that bumblebees don't process their senses as separate channels -- they come together as some sort of unified representation."

Selene Gutierrez Al-Khudhairy, co-author on the paper, and now PhD student at the University of York, said: "This is an amazing feat when you consider the miniscule size of a bee's brain. Future investigations of the neural circuitry underlying this ability in bees may one day help reveal how our own brains imagine the world as we do."

(Adapted from: https://www.sciencedaily.com. Accessed November 15, 2019)

What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?

• To explain how bumblebees react to the light.

• To motivate the readers to preserve bumblebees in the wild.

• To reveal how important bumblebees are to human survival.

• To inform a study on the ability of bumblebees in the absence of light.

• To report the procedure of a study on bumblebees conducted by Dr Cwyn Solvi. 

How are we able to find things in the dark? It is because our brain is able to store information in such a way that it can be retrieved by different senses. It turns out that the ability to recognise objects across different senses is present in the tiny brains of an insect. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London and Macquarie University in Sydney have published new work in the journal Science showing that bumblebees can also find objects in the dark they've only seen before.

In the light, but barred from touching the objects, bumblebees were trained to find rewarding sugar water in one type of object (cubes or spheres) and bitter quinine solution in the other shape. When tested in the dark, bees preferred the object that was previously rewarding, spending more time exploring them.

Dr Cwyn Solvi is the lead author on the paper who was based at Queen Mary University of London and is now at Macquarie University in Sydney. She said: "The results of our study show that bumblebees don't process their senses as separate channels -- they come together as some sort of unified representation."

Selene Gutierrez Al-Khudhairy, co-author on the paper, and now PhD student at the University of York, said: "This is an amazing feat when you consider the miniscule size of a bee's brain. Future investigations of the neural circuitry underlying this ability in bees may one day help reveal how our own brains imagine the world as we do."

(Adapted from: https://www.sciencedaily.com. Accessed November 15, 2019)

The word “barred” in paragraph two can be best replaced by….

• blocked

• distracted

• permitted

• provided

• unsealed

How are we able to find things in the dark? It is because our brain is able to store information in such a way that it can be retrieved by different senses. It turns out that the ability to recognise objects across different senses is present in the tiny brains of an insect. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London and Macquarie University in Sydney have published new work in the journal Science showing that bumblebees can also find objects in the dark they've only seen before.

In the light, but barred from touching the objects, bumblebees were trained to find rewarding sugar water in one type of object (cubes or spheres) and bitter quinine solution in the other shape. When tested in the dark, bees preferred the object that was previously rewarding, spending more time exploring them.

Dr Cwyn Solvi is the lead author on the paper who was based at Queen Mary University of London and is now at Macquarie University in Sydney. She said: "The results of our study show that bumblebees don't process their senses as separate channels -- they come together as some sort of unified representation."

Selene Gutierrez Al-Khudhairy, co-author on the paper, and now PhD student at the University of York, said: "This is an amazing feat when you consider the miniscule size of a bee's brain. Future investigations of the neural circuitry underlying this ability in bees may one day help reveal how our own brains imagine the world as we do."

(Adapted from: https://www.sciencedaily.com. Accessed November 15, 2019)

The writer’s intention in writing the sentence “It turns out that the ability to recognise objects across different senses is present in the tiny brains of an insect.” in paragraph 1 is to…

• confirm that humans and insects are quite similar.

• emphasize the need for a research on certain insects.

• prove that bumblebees can see in the dark as well as humans.

• exemplify the kinds of insects which are able to sense objects in the dark.

• pinpoint that humans are not the only one who possess the ability mentioned.

Thomas Matulessy, also known as Kapitan Pattimura or Ahmad Lussy or simply Pattimura, was an Ambonese soldier and National Hero of Indonesia.

Pattimura was born on 8 June 1783 in Saparua, Maluku; the name Pattimura was his pseudonym. His parents were Frans Matulessia and Fransina Tilahoi, and he had a little brother named Yohanis.

Pattimura joined the British army after they took the Maluku islands from the Dutch colonials. When the islands were returned to the Dutch in 1816, he was dismissed. Concerned that the Dutch would implement programs that limited his people, Pattimura led an armed rebellion that captured Fort Duurstede on 16 May 1817. Killing the inhabitants of the fortress and fighting off Dutch reinforcements, on 29 May he was declared the leader of the Maluku people.

Due to betrayal from Booi's king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta, Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817. He and his fellows were sentenced to death. On 16 December 1817, Pattimura together with Anthony Reebok, Philip Latumahina, and Said Perintah were hanged in front of Fort Nieuw Victoria in Ambon.

Pattimura and his war have been used as symbols for both Maluku independence, such as with the short-lived Republic of South Maluku, and Indonesian patriotism. In Ambon, he is commemorated in the names of the University of Pattimura, Pattimura Airport, and a street, as well as a statue; there are also streets named after him throughout the archipelago.

What is the topic of the passage?

• The life and struggle of Thomas Matulessy.

• Pattimura as the leader of the Maluku people.

• Indonesian National Revolution led by Pattimura.

• Controversy over the capture of Thomas Matulessy.

• The causal effect of Indonesian War of Independence.

Thomas Matulessy, also known as Kapitan Pattimura or Ahmad Lussy or simply Pattimura, was an Ambonese soldier and National Hero of Indonesia.

Pattimura was born on 8 June 1783 in Saparua, Maluku; the name Pattimura was his pseudonym. His parents were Frans Matulessia and Fransina Tilahoi, and he had a little brother named Yohanis.

Pattimura joined the British army after they took the Maluku islands from the Dutch colonials. When the islands were returned to the Dutch in 1816, he was dismissed. Concerned that the Dutch would implement programs that limited his people, Pattimura led an armed rebellion that captured Fort Duurstede on 16 May 1817. Killing the inhabitants of the fortress and fighting off Dutch reinforcements, on 29 May he was declared the leader of the Maluku people.

Due to betrayal from Booi's king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta, Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817. He and his fellows were sentenced to death. On 16 December 1817, Pattimura together with Anthony Reebok, Philip Latumahina, and Said Perintah were hanged in front of Fort Nieuw Victoria in Ambon.

Pattimura and his war have been used as symbols for both Maluku independence, such as with the short-lived Republic of South Maluku, and Indonesian patriotism. In Ambon, he is commemorated in the names of the University of Pattimura, Pattimura Airport, and a street, as well as a statue; there are also streets named after him throughout the archipelago.

It can be predicted from the passage that ...

• Indonesia was backed up by the British army during the war.

• the war of Maluku is considered as the heaviest independence war.

• had Pattimura not been betrayed, the Dutch would have lost the war.

• the Dutch would have sold Indonesian women and children to other countries.

• King of Booi would have been the leader of the Maluku people after he cooperated with the Dutch.

Thomas Matulessy, also known as Kapitan Pattimura or Ahmad Lussy or simply Pattimura, was an Ambonese soldier and National Hero of Indonesia.

Pattimura was born on 8 June 1783 in Saparua, Maluku; the name Pattimura was his pseudonym. His parents were Frans Matulessia and Fransina Tilahoi, and he had a little brother named Yohanis.

Pattimura joined the British army after they took the Maluku islands from the Dutch colonials. When the islands were returned to the Dutch in 1816, he was dismissed. Concerned that the Dutch would implement programs that limited his people, Pattimura led an armed rebellion that captured Fort Duurstede on 16 May 1817. Killing the inhabitants of the fortress and fighting off Dutch reinforcements, on 29 May he was declared the leader of the Maluku people.

Due to betrayal from Booi's king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta, Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817. He and his fellows were sentenced to death. On 16 December 1817, Pattimura together with Anthony Reebok, Philip Latumahina, and Said Perintah were hanged in front of Fort Nieuw Victoria in Ambon.

Pattimura and his war have been used as symbols for both Maluku independence, such as with the short-lived Republic of South Maluku, and Indonesian patriotism. In Ambon, he is commemorated in the names of the University of Pattimura, Pattimura Airport, and a street, as well as a statue; there are also streets named after him throughout the archipelago.

The best restatement for the sentence “Due to betrayal from Booi's king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta, Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817.” is….

• Pattimura was captured on 11 November 1817 for King of Booi, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta disagreed with him.

• On 11 November 1817, King of Booi cooperated with the Dutch to execute Pattimura and the other combatants.

• Booi’s king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta arrested Pattimura on 11 November 1817 because he betrayed the Dutch.

• The Dutch, with the help of King of Booi and his colleagues, managed to find Pattimura on 11 November 1817.

• King of booi together with Pati Akoon and Tuanakotta sold Pattimura out and made him captured on 11 November 1817.

Thomas Matulessy, also known as Kapitan Pattimura or Ahmad Lussy or simply Pattimura, was an Ambonese soldier and National Hero of Indonesia.

Pattimura was born on 8 June 1783 in Saparua, Maluku; the name Pattimura was his pseudonym. His parents were Frans Matulessia and Fransina Tilahoi, and he had a little brother named Yohanis.

Pattimura joined the British army after they took the Maluku islands from the Dutch colonials. When the islands were returned to the Dutch in 1816, he was dismissed. Concerned that the Dutch would implement programs that limited his people, Pattimura led an armed rebellion that captured Fort Duurstede on 16 May 1817. Killing the inhabitants of the fortress and fighting off Dutch reinforcements, on 29 May he was declared the leader of the Maluku people.

Due to betrayal from Booi's king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta, Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817. He and his fellows were sentenced to death. On 16 December 1817, Pattimura together with Anthony Reebok, Philip Latumahina, and Said Perintah were hanged in front of Fort Nieuw Victoria in Ambon.

Pattimura and his war have been used as symbols for both Maluku independence, such as with the short-lived Republic of South Maluku, and Indonesian patriotism. In Ambon, he is commemorated in the names of the University of Pattimura, Pattimura Airport, and a street, as well as a statue; there are also streets named after him throughout the archipelago.

Which statement is inappropriate with the information provided in the passage?

• A sculpture was erected to salute Pattimura.

• A life sentence handed down to Pattimura for his action against the Dutch.

• As well as King of Booi, Tuanakotta objected to Pattimura’s standpoint.

• Pattimura no longer served the Kingdom of Great Britain when he ambushed Fort Duurstede.

• Fort Nieuw Victoria witnessed the execution of Pattimura, Anthony Reebok, Philip Latumahina, and Said Perintah.

Forests have the ability to regulate water systems, prevent erosion and flood, and maintain soil fertility. The ability of forests is inseparable from the existence of millions and even billions of trees in a forest area. Trees only store water for their own needs, and the land saves water. Billions of trees with their wide canopies will hold back rain. In this position, rain water does not directly hit the soil surface, but will fall slowly through the leaves and flow through the tree trunk. Then, the soil surface filled with tree trunks will produce quite a lot of litter originating from organic materials in the forms of leaf and dry twigs. Dramatically, littering is heading towards the decay process. The organic materials are collected on the soil surface. Litter blocks the water falling from the canopy so it does not directly hit the soil. Litter also functions as a place to live for millions of organisms (e.g. worms). This organism punctures the land as a home and place of life. This organism’s behavior causes the soil surface to become loose and porous. When rain drops from the canopy fall onto the litter, the water slowly flows to the soil surface. The loose and porous top layer of soil will absorb the water and then the water will be stored in the aquifer, the underground river. The soil surface in the forest has high capacity to absorb rainwater. As a result, most of the rainwater seeps into the soil; only a little becomes running water. Running water is the water that cannot be absorbed by the soil surface. This water will go down to a lower area. If running water exceeds the carrying capacity of the river, it can certainly cause flood. Most of the rainwater that falls in the forest area will be absorbed by the soil and stored in the aquifer. Furthermore, the water stored in the aquifer will come out regularly through springs. From these springs, water flows through rivers that are mostly found in the forest area. In addition, there is also underground water that comes out as a spring in the resident wells.

Sumber :https://www.e-sbmptn.com/2019/03/soal-utbk-tps-bahasa-inggris.html?fbclid=IwAR2yJJxDhUKAL_aFTveQY7ZR5E-4fNvLFnWVHGqikDnCFJGP9kRARpliUSU

With the sentence ‘This organism's behavior causes the soil surface to become loose and porous’ in paragraph 3, the writer intends to ....

• describe the organism and its behavior against loose soil

• confirm the behavior of organisms in loose soil

• compare the loose soil with the porous soil

• uncover natural processes at soil erosion

• explain the causes of soil erosion