Cause and Effect

In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better material life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children of the new factory laborers. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of leisure, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museums. For many people, these facilities made city life appear more interesting than life on the farm, and therefore drew them away from rural communities.What was one EFFECT of industrialization?

• People moved to rural communities.

• People made less money.

• People made less money.

• Many factory jobs were created.

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CCSS.RI.3.3

CCSS.RI.4.3

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CCSS.RI.7.3

Due to their incredible force and unpredictability, floods can cause tremendous damage. They can ruin houses, roads and buildings. Floods can take down trees and cause mudslides. It often leaves mud, sand and debris behind. It can take months to clean up after a flood.

What is the EFFECT?

• Floods can cause a lot of damage.

• Floods happen in many areas without warning.

• Floods are strong and unpredictable.

• Flood damage is devastating.

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CCSS.RI.3.3

CCSS.RI.4.3

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CCSS.RI.7.3

Raisins are dried grapes. The sun dries the grapes and turns them into raisins. The drying process makes them sweeter. As the amount of water in the grapes decreases, the concentration of sugar increases. The sun dries out the grapes to a moisture level of 15% or less, and they become raisins.

What is the text structure? Explain why.

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CCSS.RI.3.5

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What would be one of the effects of having such a small house?

• You would not be able to have people visit you.

• You would have to limit your belongings.

• You would have to live way out in the country.

• You would not be able to own your own car.

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CCSS.RI.3.3

CCSS.RI.4.3

CCSS.RI.5.3

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CCSS.RI.7.3

Hurricanes begin when the weather conditions are just right for a cluster of thunderstorms to form over a tropical ocean. If such a cluster remains long enough, it organizes into a tropical depression, with winds of up to 42 miles per hour. If a tropical depression increases to winds of 43 to 74 miles per hour, it is a tropical storm. A tropical storm is given a name and watched closely, by satellite, to see if it gets worse and begins to have the telltale circular shape of a hurricane. If the air pressure continues to drop, the wind rises to above 75 miles per hour, and a true hurricane is born.

Which of the following causes weather forecasters to say a storm has become a hurricane?

• A cluster of thunderstorms form over a tropical ocean.

• A cluster begins to organize into a tropical depression.

• Winds increase to over 75 miles per hour.

• Winds increase to 23 to 42 miles an hour.

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CCSS.RI.3.3

CCSS.RI.4.3

CCSS.RI.5.3

CCSS.RI.6.3

CCSS.RI.7.3