Biology MP3 9 weeks Test Review

An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival

• adaptation

• evolution

• fitness

By looking at the genes of some animals we can determine which living species are most closely related to each other. This also reveals which species most recently diverged from their common ancestor.

Based on the partial gene segments shown, which pair of animals are genetically most closely related and therefore most recently diverged from their common ancestor?

• Chimpanzee and Mouse

• Rat and Mouse

• Rat and Chimpanzee

Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 

• have the ability to interbreed.
  have the ability to interbreed.
• acquired traits through use and disuse.
• all eat the same type of food.
• descended from a common ancestor.

Images of the embryo and adult stages of three different organisms are shown.

Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this evidence?

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms eat the same types of food.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms live in a similar environment.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms share a recent common ancestor.

• Having similar embryos indicates that a certain protein controls how many legs the adult organisms will have.

What is it called when better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to their offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

What is this an example of?

• vestigial structures
• embryology
• homologous structures
• fossil record

Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 

• Hippopotamus 
• Baleen Whale
• Grazing Mammals
• Camels

The scientific name for an organism is made from the:

• class and family name
• genus and species name
• domain and kingdom name
• kingdom and phylum name

Although these organisms belong to the same phylum, they are classified as different

• families

• species

• kingdoms

• order

Researchers analyzed a mitochondrial gene of different bat species to determine relatedness. A cladogram of their results is shown. Based on the cladogram, which set of bat species is the least related?

• Ptenochirus minor and Megaerops niphanae

• Dyacopterus spadiceus and Otopteropus cartilagonodus

• Haplonycteris fischeri and Ptenochirus jagori

• Cynopterus sphinx and Chironax melanocephalus