FACT or BLUFF in TOS

A TOS is a two-way chart that relates the learning outcomes to the content of the course.

• FACT

• BLUFF

The column of the chart lists the objectives or "levels of skills"

• FACT

• BLUFF

The rows list the key concepts or content the test is to measure

• FACT

• BLUFF

"We have found it useful to represent the relation of content and behaviors in the form of a two dimensional table with the objectives on one axis, the content on the other”(BLOOM, 1971).

• FACT

• BLUFF

A Table of Specifications is developed after the test is written.

• FACT

• BLUFF

TOS should be constructed before the actual teaching begins.

• FACT

• BLUFF

The purpose of a Table of Specifications is to identify the achievement domains being measured and to ensure that a fair and representative sample of questions appear on the test.

• FACT

• BLUFF

the time available for testing depended not only on the length of the class period but also on students' attention spans.

• FACT

• BLUFF

Classroom assessment should be driven by classroom teaching which itself is not driven by course goals and objectives.

• FACT

• BLUFF

Tables of Specifications provide the link between teaching and testing. (University of Kansas, 2013)

• FACT

• BLUFF