PS2 Lessons 1-3 Kinetic and Potential Energy

Which statement is true about energy?

• All energy can only be transformed when it is in a chemical or mechanical form.

• Energy is always conserved.

• Energy is always lost.

• All energy only comes from the Sun.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A stone is placed in a thick rubber band. The rubber band is stretched and then released. The stone rises in the air and then falls down.

Which option correctly  identifies an instance when potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy?

• releasing the rubber band

• stretching the rubber band

• stone rising in the air

• stone reaching its highest point in the air

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Examine the diagram of the movement of a cart with four positions (W, X, Y, and Z) labeled, as shown. At which position(s) will the potential energy of the cart be equal to the kinetic energy?

• W only

• X only

• W and Y

• Y and Z

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

The image shows a pendulum with four different labeled positions (A, B, C, and D) of the pendulum bob during its motion.A student calculates the kinetic and potential energy of the pendulum bob at each position and makes four statements based on the data in the table.Which option correctly  distinguishes the statements as inferences or observations?

• inference: 3; observation: 1, 2, and 4

• inference: 1; observation: 2, 3, and 4

• observation: 1; inference: 2, 3, and 4

• observation: 3; inference: 1, 2, and 4

  observation: 3; inference: 1, 2, and 4

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The diagram shows the potential energy (PE) and kinetic energy (KE) of a car in motion.What can be said about the energy of the car?

• The total energy of the car varies as it moves from one point to another.

• The potential energy of the car increases as it moves down the slope.

• The total energy of the car is the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy.

• The difference between the potential and kinetic energy gives the total energy of the car.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Amanda listed a few observations in her notebook. In which observation(s) is kinetic energy transformed to potential energy?

• observation 1

• observation 4

• observations 1 and 2

• observations 2 and 3

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A pendulum is attached to a fixed point and then released with a swinging motion. Three positions (1, 2, and 3) are marked on the path of the pendulum as it swings, as shown in the image.If the energy of the pendulum follows the Law of Conservation of Energy, which table could represent the kinetic and potential energy values at the three positions?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

An apple hanging from a tree branch has potential energy.When the apple falls from the tree branch, the apple’s potential energy is transformed into another form of energy. Which term best describes the form of energy the apple has as it falls to the ground? 

• chemical energy

• electrical energy

• kinetic energy

• solar energy

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The image shows a roller coaster car at five positions along its track.For which parts of the motion is some part of the kinetic energy of the car transformed into potential energy?

• when moving from 1 to 2 and 4 to 5

• when moving from 2 to 3 and 3 to 4

• when moving from 2 to 4 and 4 to 5

• when moving from 1 to 2 and 2 to 4

  when moving from 1 to 2 and 2 to 4

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A teacher makes a swing pendulum, as shown in the image.The teacher pulls back and releases ball 1, and students record statements in a table.Which statements support the Law of Conservation of Energy?

• 1, 3, and 5

• 1, 2, and 5

• 1, 2, and 3

• 1, 2, and 4

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5