Biology Chapter 10 Cumulative Test

Which of the following is not a major idea in evolution?

• One idea is that evolution occurs. In other words, organisms do not change over time.
• Evolution occurs by natural selection.
• Both ideas are major
• Neither idea is major

Which fact about Darwin's trip around the world is false?

• Darwin was just 22 years old when he set sail on a scientific expedition on a ship called the HMS Beagle.
• Darwin was the ship's doctor. As a hobby he would collect specimens of plants, animals, rocks, and fossils wherever the expedition went ashore
• He spent more than 3 years of the 5-year trip exploring nature on distant continents and islands
• While he was away, a former teacher published Darwin’s accounts of his observations. By the time Darwin finally returned to England, he had become famous as a naturalist.

Where did Darwin make some of his most important observations that helped him develop his theory?

• England
• the Galápagos Islands
• South Africa
• South America

Lamarck's inheritance of acquired characteristics is widely accepted scientific theory.

• true
• false

The individual Galápagos Islands are all similar to each other.

• true
• false

This man argued that gradual geological processes have gradually shaped Earth’s surface .

• Jean Baptiste Lamarck.
• Charles Lyell.
• Charles Darwin.
• Alfred Russel Wallace.

A chicken( and all other farm animals) were created by

• artificial selection

• natural selection

• social Darwinism

• none of the above

According to Darwin's theory what leads to a "struggle for existence?

• an overproduction of offspring
• an underproduction of offspring
• an overabundance of resources
• all of the above

____________________________ is an organism’s relative ability to survive and produce fertile offspring.

• artificial selection
• natural selection
• fitness
• inheritance of acquired characteristics

Which would be true of giraffe evolution?

• Giraffes with longer necks had an advantage. Individuals struggled to reach the highest branches.  They changed and their children inherited this change. 
• Giraffes with longer necks had an advantage. They could reach leaves other giraffes could not. Therefore, the long-necked giraffes were more likely to survive and reproduce
• Giraffes with longer necks had an advantage. Short necks giraffes would spontaneously produce long necked giraffes no matter what the environment was.  There is an equal level of success between individuals in the population.
• none of above