RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

The lower respiratory tract includes

• trachea

• nose

• nasal cavity

• nasopharynx

• oropharynx

The respiratory center is located

• medulla oblongata

• cerebellum

• diencephalon

• cerebral cortex

Lower respiratory tract

• larynx

• oropharynx

• nasopharynx

•  trachea

• main bronchi

If Jane’s tidal volume is 0.6 L, the anatomic dead space is 0.14 L, and the respiratory rate is 18 breaths/ min, then estimated alveolar ventilation would be closest to:

• 8.28 Liters/min

• 10.8 Liters/min

• 2.80 Liters/min

• 5.10 Liters/min

Total lung capacity is:

• measured with a spirometer.

• approximately 500 ml in an adult.

• the sum of residual volume and vital capacity.

• the sum of FRC plus tidal volume.

The volume of air inspired by a person at rest is the:

• residual volume

• total lung capacity

• vital capacity

• inspiratory reserve volume

• tidal volume

The volume of air that can be exhaled after maximal inspiration is the:

• inspiratory reserve volume

• total lung capacity

• vital capacity

• residual volume

• tidal volume

Inspiratory capacity minus tidal volume equals:

• vital capacity

• total lung capacity

• residual volume

• tidal volume

• inspiratory reserve volume

The volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximal exhalation is the:

• inspiratory reserve volume

• vital capacity

• residual volume

• tidal volume

• total lung capacity

Surfactant is produced:

• mast cells

• lymphocytes.

• macrophages

• type 2 alveocytes