Newton’s Laws Review

The masses of four vehicles and the net forces acting on them as they enter a highway are recorded in the table below. Which vehicle has the greatest acceleration as it enters the highway?

• Sedan
• Coupe
• SUV
• Truck

A student lets a toy car roll four times down a ramp. Each time the student covers the surface of the ramp with a different material. The student measures and records the time it takes the car to roll down the ramp. Which of these would be the best conclusion based on the data in the table?

• Different surfaces affect how fast a toy car accelerates.

• Different toy cars travel at different speeds.

• Gravity has little effect on the speed of toy cars on different surfaces.

• Air resistance is the greatest factor in limiting the acceleration of different toy cars.

Safety belts protect people in cars in the event of an accident because, according to Newton’s Laws of Motion, when an impact causes the car to suddenly change its motion, -

• the people in the car will continue to move in the same direction and at the same speed as before the impact.
• the speed of the car always increases, giving it greater force since the mass will remain the same.
• the speed of the people always increases, since now they have, not one, but two forces acting on them.
• the car now has a greater overall mass - its own mass plus the mass of the object by which it has been struck.

According to Newton’s Law of Inertia, an object that is moving will change its motion only if what kinds of forces act on it?

• Constant forces
• Unbalanced forces
• Unbalanced forcesStrong forces
• Gravitational forces

An object is moving to the right at a constant velocity. What will happen if a force of 20N starts acting on it in the opposite direction?

• The object’s velocity will increase.
• The object’s velocity will decrease.
• The object will come to a stop.
• The object will move at the same velocity.

According to Newton’s Third Law, if someone jumps off a skateboard, the skateboard will roll backwards because -

• the mass of the skateboard is the same as the mass of the person jumping off.
• the pull of gravity on the person is the same as on the skateboard, regardless of size.
• the air resistance on the person is great and the friction on the skateboard is small.
• for the force that sent the person forward, there is an equal force pushing back on the skateboard.

Two cars with different masses travel at the same speed down a hill toward a stop sign. What will happen when both cars apply brakes at the same time to stop?

• The car with the smaller mass will require less forces to stop than the car with the larger mass.
• The car with the larger mass will amintain its velocity while traveling down the hill.
• The car with the smaller mass will take longer to stop than the car with the larger mass.
• The car with the larger mass will have less inertia than the car with the smaller mass.

A 70-kg adult and a 35-kg child face each other on ice skates. Applying Newton’s Laws of Motion, what will happen if the two skaters push against each other?

• The adult will move backward, and the child will not move.
• The adult will not move, and the child will move backward.
• They will both move backward at the same speed.
• They will both move backward, but the child will move at a faster speed.
  

According to Newton's Second Law, How do you calculate force?

• Multiply mass and acceleration

• Divide mass by acceleration

• Divide acceleration by mass

• Divide force by mass

According to Newton's Second Law, How do you calculate mass?

• Multiply mass and acceleration

• Divide force by acceleration

• Divide acceleration by mass

• Divide force by mass