Compare & Contrast Process in Plants and Animals: Gas Exchange

Which of the following is not a structure for gas exchange in plants?

• Stomates

• Lenticels

• Aerial root hairs

• Flowers

Which of the following respiratory systems is not closely associated with a blood supply?

• The lungs of a vertebrate

• The tracheal system of an insect

• The gills of a fish

• The skin of an earthworm

When you hold your breath, which of the following gas changes in the blood first leads to the urge to breathe?

• Rising oxygen

• Falling oxygen

• Rising carbon dioxide

• Falling carbon dioxide

The driving force for diffusion of oxygen across the cells of a respiratory organ is:

• The difference in partial pressure of oxygen in the environment and in the blood.

• The humidity.

• The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood.

• The temperature.

The process of bringing oxygenated water or air into contact with a gas-exchange surface is:

• Respiration

• Ventilation

• Inspiration

• Resuscitation

The group of vertebrates that relies on gas exchange across the skin as well as at the lungs to maintain sufficient blood oxygen levels is:

• The fishes

• The reptiles

• The amphibians

• The birds

In negative pressure filling, air moves into the lungs when

• The volume of the thoracic cavity increases

• The pressure in the thoracic cavity decreases

• Air is forced down the trachea by muscular contractions of the mouth and pharynx

• A and B only

Which of the following factors does not alter the rate of breathing by influencing the respiratory centers of the brain?

• Carbon dioxide partial pressures in the blood

• Oxygen partial pressures in the blood

• Blood pH

• Blood glucose levels

With rare exceptions, the majority of oxygen is transported in the blood of vertebrates

• By binding to plasma proteins

• By binding to hemoglobin in erythrocytes

• As a component of large organic molecules that are broken down by the cells

• As dissolved gas in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes

Which of the following is brought about by infection and involves inflammation and fluid buildup in the lungs?

• Emphysema

• Pneumonia

• Asthma

• Coughing