Text Structure (5.RI5)

If an author wanted to write the history of how a city grew, what text structure would be best to use?

• Chronological

• Comparison

• Cause & Effect

• Problem & Solution

Which sentence shows comparison text structure?

• The Golden Gate Bridge cost $35 million to build; whereas, the Bay Bridge cost $77 million.

• The completion date for the Bay Bridge was November 1936.

Read the 2 texts. Determine the text structure. Then compare and contrast both texts.

1. Golden Gate Bridge - The Golden Gate Bridge is one of California's famous landmarks. The building of the bridge started in 1933. On May 27, 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge was finished. The very next day, it was open for traffic.

2. Bridges of California - The Golden Gate and San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridges are located in California. Construction for both bridges began in 1933. The Golden Gate is about 8.981 ft. long, whereas the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge is over 20,000 ft. long.

Which sentence shows cause-and-effect text structure?

• Today, not everyone might agree to construct bridges.

• The construction of the bridges was a success since everyone agreed that they needed to be built.

Which sentence shows problem and solution text structure?

• In the 1920s, the automobile traffic was solved by constructing the bridge.

• In the 1920s, there was more automobiles in San Francisco.

Read the 2 passages. Determine the text structure of each. Then compare and contrast the 2 passages.

Passage 1: The transcontinental railroad was supposed to increase San Francisco's trade. However, this didn't happen because the bay separated the railroad from San Francisco. This made many San Franciscans fear that the city would lose its position as the main area for trade. Therefore, a bridge was built to help bring trade across the bay.

Passage 2: The building of a bridge from San Francisco to Oakland was difficult. The bay was extremely wide and very deep. A tunnel was considered, but it would not be good for traffic traveling from one side of the bay to the other. Instead the answer was to create a two-part bridge that passed through Yerba Buena Island.

What is the text structure of the passage.

The scientific study of earthquakes is new. The earliest record of such shaking was in china in 1177 BCE. The earliest in Europe was 580 BCE. In the Americas, there were quakes in Mexico in the late 1300s and in Peru in 1471. One struck in New Zealand in 1886. Many others, large and small, continue to shake the Earth.

• Chronological

• Cause & Effect

• Problem & Solution

• Compare & Contrast

Read the text. Determine the text structure.

When the Earth shook, humans believed the gods walked on the earth. It was a huge challenge to monitor and warn about this threat. Long ago, a Chinese man built the first measuring device. But today we use a electromagnetic device that provides details about the source and direction of the quake.

Mrs. Johnson said the text below was organized using a comparison text structure. Do you agree?

Passage: Lions and tigers are from the cat family. They are both mammals. However, lions are beige in color, and they have a large mane of hair around their neck. Tigers are orange with black stripes. Tigers are larger than lions. Both lions and tigers eat meat. But lions hunt in packs, and tigers hunt alone.

• Yes

• No

TRUE or FALSE. The passage below is written using a chronological text structure.

Passage: A hurricane can cause major damage that affects thousands of people. A hurricane is a large storm that brings strong winds and heavy rain to land. The strong winds can cause major destruction by uprooting trees, throwing cars, and demolishing buildings. Because of the heavy rain, massive flooding can occur during a hurricane.

• False

• True