Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance

Characteristics of homeostasis...

• Maintenance of constant conditions in the body

• Non-essentail for all living things

• Fundamental property of all living organisms

• The body uses water to maintain critical balances for good health

True or false:

Humans are mostly water.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

▪75% of body mass is water in infants

▪50-60% in adult men and women

▪45% in old age

Identify the correct term:

An area that is separated from other compartments in the body by some form of a physical barrier.

• Fauces

• Fluid compartment

• Mandible

• Tissue compartment

Identify the correct term:

The system that includes all fluid enclosed in cells by plasma membranes.

• Plasma system

• Intracellular fluid compartment

• Homeostasis department

• None of these

True or false:

Extracellular fluid (ECF) surrounds all cells in the body and has 2 primary constituents: (1) blood (plasma) and (2) interstitial fluid (IF).

• True

• False

Fill in the blank:

The ___ lies within cells and is the principal component of the cytosol/cytoplasm.

• lymph

• interstitial fluid

• Intracellular fluid (ICF)

• plasma

True or false:

The ICF makes up about 60 percent of the total water in the human body, and in an average-size adult male, the ICF accounts for about 25 liters (seven gallons) of fluid.

• True

• False

True or false:

The ECF (extracellular fluid) accounts for the other one-third of the body’s water content.

• False

• True

True or false:

Approximately 50% of the ECF is found in plasma.

• False

• True

Answer explanation

Approximately 20% of the ECF is found in plasma.

True or false:

Plasma travels through the body in blood vessels and transports a range of materials, including blood cells, proteins (including clotting factors and antibodies), electrolytes, nutrients, gases, and wastes.

• False

• True