Energy: Conservation and Transfer 6.P.3

A student placed a cup of water into a microwave oven and then turned it on. The oven produced radiation that transferred to the water, which then caused the temperature of the water to increase. What effect did the radiation have on the water molecules?

• A.

  The radiation caused the water molecules’ mass to increase.

• B.

  The radiation caused the water molecules’ mass to decrease.

• C.

  The radiation caused the water molecules’ motion to increase.

• D.

  The radiation caused the water molecules’ motion to decrease.

The surface of a concrete road is exposed to electromagnetic waves produced by the Sun. How does this exposure affect the road?

• A.

  The electromagnetic waves transfer matter to the road, decreasing the mass of the road.

• B.

  The electromagnetic waves transfer matter to the road, increasing the mass of the road.

• C.

  The electromagnetic waves transfer energy to the road, decreasing the temperature of the road.

• D.

  The electromagnetic waves transfer energy to the road, increasing the temperature of the road.

A light ray changes direction as it moves from one medium into another. What term is used to describe this phenomenon?

•  

  A.

  absorption

• B.

  diffraction

•  C.

  reflection

• D.

  refraction

Sunlight shines on a black winter coat. How will the sunlight affect the coat?

• A.

  The coat will refract sunlight, and some of the refracted sunlight will be converted into heat.

• B.

  The coat will absorb sunlight, and some of the absorbed sunlight will be converted into heat.

• C.

  The coat will refract sunlight, and some of the refracted sunlight will be converted into electricity.

• D.

  The coat will absorb sunlight, and some of the absorbed sunlight will be converted into electricity.

A student fills a glass beaker with room-temperature water and then places the beaker on a table in their home. Sunlight shines through a nearby window onto the beaker. How will the sunlight affect the water?

• A.

  The water will absorb some of the sunlight, which will increase the temperature of the water.

• B.

  The water will absorb some of the sunlight, which will decrease the temperature of the water.

• C.

  The water will transmit some of the sunlight, which will increase the temperature of the water.

• D.

  The water will transmit some of the sunlight, which will decrease the temperature of the water.

What is one reason why power poles are made out of wood?

• A.

  Wood is a poor conductor of heat.

• B.

  Wood is a good conductor of heat. 

• C.

  Wood is a poor conductor of electricity.

• D.

  Wood is a good conductor of electricity.

Which choice lists two materials that are electrical insulators?

• A.

  rubber and glass

• B.

  copper and glass

• C.

  rubber and aluminum

• D.

  copper and aluminum

Which materials are both excellent thermal conductors?

• A.

  aluminum and steel

• B.

  steel and cardboard

• C.

  aluminum and rubber

• D.

  cardboard and rubber

Keri placed one black and one white box outside on a sunny day and measured the temperature inside the boxes after two hours. What did Keri most likely observe?

• A.

  The black box had a higher temperature because of absorption.

• B.

  The boxes had the same temperature because of transmission.

• C.

  The black box had a higher temperature because of reflection.

• D.

  The boxes had the same temperature because of absorption.

Why do plants appear green?

• A.

  They absorb green light and reflect all other colors.

• B.

  They refract green light and reflect all other colors.

• C.

  They reflect green light and absorb all other colors.

• D.

  They transmit green light and reflect all other colors.