Quiz about Evolution Unit Review

Question 1

Over generations of time apart on different islands with different food sources, the separated populations of Galapagos finches accumulated genetic differences until each group had different beaks. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

speciation

Answer

natural selection

Answer

genetic drift

Answer

adaptation

Question 2

Individuals undergo evolution.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

People selectively breeding hamsters for size.

Answer

Insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.

Answer

Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.

Answer

Male birds of certain species inheriting colorful feathers that are more attractive to females.

Question 4

Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

Accepted Answer

random chance

Answer

natural selection

Answer

non-random mating (sexual selection)

Answer

artificial selection

Question 5

The pelvic bone of whales is not needed for movement within the water. This is an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

Accepted Answer

vestigial

Answer

analogous

Answer

homologous

Question 6

The forelimbs of mammals have similar anatomy because these groups descended from a recent common ancestor. Their bone structure is an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

Accepted Answer

homologous

Answer

vestigial

Answer

analogous

Question 7

Many different groups of organisms have wings, even though they do not share a recent common ancestor. This is because they evolved in environments with similar selective pressures. Wings are an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

Accepted Answer

analogous

Answer

vestigial

Answer

homologous

Question 8

A flood drowns a large portion of an insect population, with only a few random individuals surviving. This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

genetic drift

Answer

adaptation

Answer

natural selection

Question 9

Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?

Accepted Answer

species

Answer

individual

Answer

population

Answer

fossil

Question 10

Mutations are important because they bring about

Accepted Answer

genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

Answer

death of the organism in which they develop

Answer

benefits for the individual, not for the population

Answer

Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

Question 11

Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

Accepted Answer

homologous structures

Answer

vestigial structures

Answer

adaptive radiation

Answer

fossil

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

Accepted Answer

the tailbone of a human

Answer

the wings of a red-tailed hawk

Answer

the hind limbs of a house cat

Answer

the fins of sharks

Question 13

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

Accepted Answer

Fossil D is older than fossil C

Answer

Fossil A and C are the same age

Answer

Fossil B is older than fossil C

Answer

Fossils A is older than fossil B

Question 14

If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins, what is probably TRUE?

Accepted Answer

species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor

Answer

species A evolved independently of species B for a long period

Answer

species A is younger than species B

Answer

species A is older than species B

Question 15

What would happen if the Giraffes never evolve?

Accepted Answer

They would become extinct

Answer

they would survive

Answer

They would thrive

Answer

They will find another source of food

Question 16

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

Accepted Answer

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Answer

Because they come from dominant alleles.

Answer

Because they come from recessive alleles.

Answer

Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

Question 17

The Physical remains of a plant or animal preserved in rock or Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

Fossil

Answer

Adapt

Question 18

This mechanism of evolution occurs when populations migrate.

Accepted Answer

Gene flow

Answer

Extinction

Answer

Genetic drift

Answer

Natural Selection

Question 19

What is another name for natural selection?

Accepted Answer

survival of the fittest

Answer

survival of the smartest

Answer

survival of the fastest

Answer

survival of the biggest

Question 20

What is the study of organisms at the early stages of development?

Accepted Answer

embryology

Answer

DNA studies

Answer

extinction

Answer

fossil record

Question 21

The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

Accepted Answer

Dark moth

Answer

Light moth

Answer

Both will be equally successful

Answer

Neither will be successful

Question 22

Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

Accepted Answer

homologous structures

Answer

vestigial structures

Answer

adaptive radiation

Answer

fossil

Question 23

Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development

Accepted Answer

embryology

Answer

natural selection

Answer

speciation

Answer

evolution

Question 24

Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis (hip) bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

vestigial structure

Answer

analogous structure

Answer

homologous structure

Question 25

Genetic differences between organisms of the same species

Accepted Answer

Variation

Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Behavior

Answer

Environment

Question 26

Vertebrate embryos pass through similar stages of development is evidence for

Accepted Answer

common ancestry

Answer

use and disuse

Answer

homologous structures

Answer

acquired characteristics

Question 27

All the individuals of a species that live in a particular area are called a

Accepted Answer

population

Answer

group

Answer

variation

Answer

fossil

Question 28

What do phylogenetic trees do?

Accepted Answer

Help you visualize how species are related.

Answer

Provide windbreaks in your yard.

Answer

Provide DNA details.

Answer

Show the distribution of organisms

Question 29

Which two species are most related?

Accepted Answer

A&B

Answer

B&C

Answer

A&C

Answer

C&B

Question 30

Looking at this chart humans are most related to which of the following? (You are looking for the one that has the lowest number)

Accepted Answer

Gibbon

Answer

Dog

Answer

Mouse

Answer

Lamprey

Question 31

Which type of cell came first?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic

Answer

Eukaryotic

Answer

Protists

Answer

Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic were about the same

Question 32

These structures shown are ________.

Accepted Answer

Analogous structures

Answer

Homologous structures

Answer

Structural adaptation

Answer

Functional adaptation

Question 33

Which two organisms are the most closely related according to their DNA sequence?
Critter A--> ATG CTT AAC CCG TTA
Critter B--> ATC GTT TTC CCG TAA
Critter C--> ATG CTA TAG GCG TAA

Accepted Answer

Critter A and C

Answer

Critter A and B

Answer

Critter B and C

Answer

They are all equally related

Question 34

The circled areas in the diagram to the left represent bird species that are in the same genus, a classification group that includes closely related species. These birds are found on the Hawaiian Islands.

Which two finches are most closely related?

Accepted Answer

Ou and Greater Koa finch

Answer

Lesser Koa finch and Nukupuu

Answer

Akialoa and Ou

Answer

Kauai akialoa and Maui parrot bill

Question 35

What came into existence after the dragonfly?

Accepted Answer

Butterfly

Answer

Spider

Answer

Worm

Answer

Ant

Question 36

If you were to obtain DNA from the following species they would

Accepted Answer

have nucleotide sequences that showed similarities

Answer

have identical DNA

Answer

have identical amino acid sequences

Answer

have the same number of chromosomes

Question 37

When two species can no longer interbreed it is best known as?

Accepted Answer

speciation

Answer

new species

Answer

nothing

Answer

a species

Question 38

Gene flow happens when

Accepted Answer

species migrate

Answer

species die

Answer

natural selection occurs

Answer

species change colors

Question 39

According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism?

Accepted Answer

Ray finned fish

Answer

Amphibians

Answer

Crocodiles

Answer

Birds

Question 40

Which two orgainsms have hair?

Accepted Answer

Primates & Rodents

Answer

Sharks & Ray Finned Fish

Answer

Birds & Crocodiles

Answer

Rabbits & Birds

Question 41

According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to:

Accepted Answer

Sharks

Answer

Amphibians

Answer

Ray Finned Fish

Answer

Crocodiles

Question 42

You look at two species and see very similar DNA. What does this likely tell you?

Accepted Answer

These animals have a common ancestor.

Answer

These are the same animal.

Answer

These animals are not likely related.

Answer

These animals are likely becoming one species.

Question 43

The 8 levels of classification, most broad to most specific.

Accepted Answer

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Answer

Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species

Answer

Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order

Answer

Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus

Question 44

True or False: Mutations occur randomly.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT required for natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Members of a population must reproduce asexually

Answer

Organisms within a population show variation

Answer

Traits are passed from parent to offspring

Answer

Competition for limited resources exists within a population

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT used as evidence of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Body Shape

Answer

DNA

Answer

Fossils

Answer

Morphology

Question 47

True or False: Bacteria reproduce through sexual reproduction, which means that it takes a long time for bacteria to produce offspring.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 48

All of these embryos show gill pouches in early development. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

They share a common ancestor

Answer

They are all fish

Answer

They are unrelated

Answer

They all live in aquatic environments

Question 49

Which of the following is a mechanism by which evolution occurs?

Accepted Answer

gene flow

Answer

speciation

Answer

extinction

Answer

respiration

Question 50

_____ and _____ are organelles that arose from endosymbiosis

Accepted Answer

mitochondria and chloroplasts

Answer

nucleus and cell membrane

Answer

cell wall and chloroplasts

Answer

mitochondria and nucleus

Question 51

Which of the following is evidence to support the endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is similar to prokaryotic DNA.

Answer

Fossil evidence shows that the first forms of life were prokaryotic cells.

Answer

All eukaryotic cells have a double-layered membrane composed of phosplipids and proteins.

Answer

Prokaryotes have the same number and types of enzymes as eukaryotes.

Question 52

The theory of Endosymbiosis explains

Accepted Answer

The origin of eukaryotes

Answer

How bacteria live

Answer

How species develop

Answer

Why cells rely on one another

Question 53

Theory that says eukaryotic cells formed from symbiosis among several different prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

Endosymbiotic Theory

Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Biogenesis Theory

Answer

Evolutionary Theory

Question 54

True or False: One of the major elements of natural selection is that all species have genetic variability.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 55

Which of the following is not a form of biochemistry (used to show relatedness of organisms)?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

DNA

Answer

Amino Acid Sequences

Answer

RNA

Question 56

Which is a mechanism for change in allele frequency?

Accepted Answer

all answers are correct

Answer

gene flow

Answer

genetic drift

Answer

natural selection

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a condition for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

No offspring

Answer

No mutations

Answer

Random Mating

Answer

No natural selection

Question 58

When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.  What is not happening to the species?

Accepted Answer

Evolution

Answer

Survival

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Death

Question 59

A group of Kent squirrels, they are black, accidentally get put on a truck to Cleveland.  After the squirrels are dropped off in Cleveland they begin to mate with all the squirrels there.  Which of Hardy-Weinberg conditions are being broken in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

No Gene Flow

Answer

No Death or Reproduction

Answer

No Natural Selection

Answer

No Genetic Drift

Question 60

What conclusions can be made based on this table shown?

Accepted Answer

the red panda and the racoon are the most closely related

Answer

the American black bear and the giant panda are most closely related

Answer

the giant panda and the red panda are most closely related

Answer

the giant panda and the racoon are most closely related

Question 61

Describes a pattern of long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change

Accepted Answer

punctuated equilibrium

Answer

convergent evolution

Answer

coevolution

Answer

adaptive radiation

Question 62

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as

Accepted Answer

gradualism

Answer

speciation

Answer

punctuated equilibrium

Answer

microevolution

Question 63

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs in periods of rapid change separated by periods of little or no change is called

Accepted Answer

punctuated equilibrium

Answer

divergence

Answer

gradualism

Answer

isolation

Question 64

What is convergent evolution?

Accepted Answer

evolution toward similar traits in unrelated species

Answer

evolution toward different traits in closely related species

Answer

elimination of a species from Earth

Answer

the rise of two or more species from one existing species

Evolution Unit Review

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