Discrimination and Male-Female Earnings Differentials

The sources of discrimination include all of the following, except

• Employers

• Customers

• Male co-workers

• Productivity differences

What policy requires equal pay for equal value of work within the same establishment?

The crowding hypothesis states that

• Females will not be hired when there is a lack of jobs.

• Females will receive a lower salary in executive-level employment.

• Females tend to receive the smallest offices because of crowded office spaces.

• Females tend to be segregated into "female-type" jobs

• Females receive lower salaries for the typical "male-type" jobs.