Mid bio test

When the skin comes in contact with an irritant, receptors in the skin send signals to the spinal cord. The signal is then sent to the brain for processing, and the individual begins to scratch the affected area. Which two systems are most likely interacting when a person experiences itching caused by a skin irritant?

• Circulatory and excretory

• Integumentary and nervous

• Digestive and muscular

• Respiratory and lymphatic

During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind to enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this cycle, the cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide.

Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in —

• the formation of tumors

• the immediate death of the cell

• the transfer of cyclins to other cells

• the formation of haploid cells

An illustration of how a particular DNA mutation will most likely affect the polypeptide produced is shown. What type of mutation is illustrated?

• Insertion

• Deletion

• Substitution

• Translocation

Farmers spray pesticides on their plants to protect them from being eaten by insects. Some individuals have a genetic mutation that makes them resistant to the toxins in the pesticides.

Which statement best describes how only a few resistant individuals resulted in the pesticide becoming ineffective?

• the resistant insects change the toxin on the plants, making it safe for others

• the resistant insects grow larger and eat less of the plants

• the resistant insects eat the contaminated surface and leave the rest for others

• the resistant insects are able to survive to reproduce and create a population that is also resistant

Which property is shared by the cells of all living things?

• The cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

• The cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose.

• The cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus.

• The cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration

A cellular process is shown.

Which statement best describes the significance of this process?

• The process allows organisms to grow and heal.

• The process produces clones of the parent organism.

• The process copies DNA before cell division.

• The process creates genetic variation in the resulting cells.

Two scientists want to compare their research of fireflies. Which information must the two scientists provide to each other to determine if they studied the same type of fireflies?

• Species name of the fireflies studied

• Color of light produced by the fireflies

• Type of habitat in which the fireflies live

Students set up a controlled experiment by growing the same type of seedlings in two different locations. After a period of time, the students observed the seedlings and recorded their observations in the table shown. What caused the shoots of the seedlings on the windowsill to bend toward the window?

• Hormones produced in response to a light stimulus

• Sugars produced in response to a gravity stimulus

• Carbon dioxide produced in response to a water stimulus

• Water produced in response to a nitrogen stimulus

An illness caused by a certain virus includes fever, rash, joint pain, red eyes, and headache. The virus is transmitted to people by infected mosquitoes. Symptoms quickly occur within three to twelve days after contracting the virus. There is no vaccine for this virus.

Which description best explains the reproductive cycle of this virus?

• Lytic, because the virus is transmitted by mosquitoes

• Lysogenic, because there is no way to vaccinate against it

• Lytic, because of the quick incubation time

• Lysogenic, because the virus causes a fever

Tags

B.4 (C)

Which statement best describes how bacteria recycle matter in an ecosystem?

• Bacteria are producers

• Bacteria produce toxins

• Bacteria cause diseases

• Bacteria are decomposers