Evolution

_________ characters may or may not be similar between two organisms but they developed from a common ancestor.

• homologous
• analogous
• cladistic
• phylogenic

______________ is the process by which populations change in response to their environment.

• natural selection
• adaptation
• reproductive isolation
• divergence

__________ enable an organism to survive in its environment.

• adaptations
• natural selections
• divergence
• extinctions

True or false, evolution happens when an individual organism starts changing itself to adapt to its environment. For example, an adult polar bear might start swimming more so it can handle the melting of the polar ice caps.

• false, if it had a cub that could swim better due to longer legs or more buoyant bone structure, this could become a more common trait.

• True, evolution happens due to changing individuals

• maybe, if it chose to.

• I wish I had a pet penguin

Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands and came up with the theory of natural selection?

• Theodor Schwann

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Rudolf Virchow

Scientists have collected millions of fossils of different organisms, and have developed a timeline of life on Earth. What do we call this?

• Mutation

• Natural Selection

• The theory of evolution

• Fossil Record

Sometimes bones in the front limbs of animals are very similar in structure. What do we call similar bone structures that indicate a link to a common ancestor?

• Adaptations

• Gradualism

• Homologous Structures

• Extinction

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were different from the finches on the mainland?

• There were different types of predators on the island.

• There were different types of food available on the island.

• The finches had no water to drink.

• The finches on the mainland could not fly high enough.

What is the study of organisms at the early stages of development?

• DNA studies

• Comparative Embryology

• Extinction

• Fossil Record

Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population